Udzudzu umabwera chaka chilichonse, mungapewe bwanji?Pofuna kuti asavutitsidwe ndi ma vampire amenewa, anthu akhala akupanga zida zosiyanasiyana.Kuchokera ku maukonde odzitchinjiriza oteteza udzudzu ndi zowonera pazenera, kupita ku mankhwala ophera udzudzu, zothamangitsa udzudzu, ndi madzi akuchimbudzi osamveka bwino, kupita ku zibangili zothamangitsa udzudzu pa intaneti mzaka zaposachedwa, ndani angakhale wotetezeka komanso wogwira mtima pagulu lililonse?
01
Pyrethroids- chida chopha anthu mwachangu
Lingaliro lothana ndi udzudzu litha kugawidwa m'masukulu awiri: kupha mwachangu komanso chitetezo chokhazikika.Pakati pawo, gulu lakupha logwira ntchito silimangokhalira mbiri yakale, komanso limakhala ndi zotsatira zomveka.M'nyumba zothamangitsa udzudzu zomwe zimayimiridwa ndi ma coils a udzudzu, zothamangitsa udzudzu zamagetsi, madzi amadzimadzi a udzudzu, mankhwala ophera tizirombo aerosol, ndi zina zambiri, chogwiritsira ntchito chachikulu ndi pyrethroid.Ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo tosiyanasiyana omwe amatha kuthana ndi tizirombo tosiyanasiyana ndipo amalumikizana mwamphamvu.Kachitidwe kake kakuchitapo kanthu ndikusokoneza mitsempha ya tizilombo, kuwapangitsa kufa chifukwa cha chisangalalo, kupindika, ndi ziwalo.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito opha udzudzu, kuti muphe bwino udzudzu, nthawi zambiri timayesa kusunga malo okhala m'nyumba motsekedwa, kuti zomwe zili mu pyrethroids zizisungidwa pamlingo wokhazikika.
Ubwino wofunikira kwambiri wa pyrethroids ndikuti ndi wothandiza kwambiri, womwe umangofunika kuti ukhale wocheperako kuti ugwetse udzudzu.Ngakhale ma pyrethroids amatha kupangidwa ndi metabolized ndikutulutsidwa pambuyo pokokedwa m'thupi la munthu, amakhalabe ndi poizoni pang'ono ndipo amakhudzanso dongosolo lamanjenje lamunthu.Kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitsenso zizindikiro monga chizungulire, mutu, mitsempha ya paresthesia komanso ngakhale kufooka kwa mitsempha.Choncho, ndibwino kuti musamayike mankhwala othamangitsira udzudzu pamutu pabedi pogona kuti musamve bwino chifukwa chokoka mpweya wokhala ndi ma pyrethroids ochuluka kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ophera tizirombo amtundu wa aerosol nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zinthu zovulaza, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi ziwengo ayenera kupewa akamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtundu wa aerosol.Mwachitsanzo, tulukani m'chipindamo ndikutseka zitseko ndi mazenera mwamsanga mutatha kupopera mankhwala oyenerera, ndiyeno mubwererenso kuti mutsegule mawindo a mpweya wabwino patatha maola angapo, zomwe zingatsimikizire zotsatira ndi chitetezo cha kupha udzudzu nthawi imodzi.
Pakadali pano, ma pyrethroids omwe amapezeka pamsika makamaka ndi tetrafluthrin ndi chlorofluthrin.Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kugwetsa kwa cyfluthrin pa udzudzu ndikwabwino kuposa tetrafluthrin, koma tetrafluthrin ndi yabwino kuposa cyfluthrin pankhani yachitetezo.Chifukwa chake, pogula mankhwala othamangitsa udzudzu, mutha kupanga zosankha zenizeni malinga ndi munthu amene amazigwiritsa ntchito.Ngati palibe ana kunyumba, ndi bwino kusankha mankhwala okhala fenfluthrin;ngati pali ana m'banja, ndi bwino kusankha mankhwala okhala ndi fenfluthrin.
02
Utsi wowuzira udzudzu ndi wothamangitsa madzi - khalani otetezeka ponyenga kununkhiza kwa udzudzu
Titalankhula za kupha kogwira, tiyeni tikambirane za chitetezo chokhazikika.Mtundu uwu uli ngati "mabelu agolide ndi malaya achitsulo" m'mabuku a Jin Yong.M’malo molimbana ndi udzudzu, iwo amachotsa “mavampire” ameneŵa kwa ife ndi kuwalekanitsa m’njira zina.
Pakati pawo, mankhwala ophera udzudzu ndi madzi oletsa udzudzu ndi omwe amaimira kwambiri.Mfundo yawo yoletsa udzudzu ndiyo kusokoneza fungo la udzudzu popopera mankhwala pakhungu ndi zovala, pogwiritsa ntchito fungo limene udzudzu umadana nalo kapena kupanga chitetezero chozungulira khungu.Iwo sangakhoze kununkhiza wapadera fungo anatulutsa ndi thupi la munthu, motero kusewera udindo kudzipatula udzudzu.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti madzi akuchimbudzi, omwe amakhalanso ndi zotsatira za "kuthamangitsa udzudzu", ndi mafuta onunkhira opangidwa ndi mafuta akuchimbudzi monga fungo lalikulu komanso limodzi ndi mowa.Ntchito zawo zazikulu ndikuchotsa, kutsekereza, kutentha kwa anti-prickly ndi kuyabwa.Ngakhale kuti akhoza kuimba ena odana ndi udzudzu zotsatira, poyerekeza ndi odana ndi udzudzu kutsitsi ndi udzudzu udzudzu madzi, onse mfundo ntchito ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi zosiyana kotheratu, ndipo awiri sangagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo wina ndi mzake.
03
Chibangili Chothamangitsa Udzudzu ndi Zomata Zothamangitsa Udzudzu-Zothandiza kapena ayi zimatengera zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mitundu ya mankhwala oletsa udzudzu pamsika yachuluka kwambiri.Ambiri kuvala mankhwala oletsa udzudzu monga zomata zoletsa udzudzu, zomangira udzudzu, mawotchi othamangitsa udzudzu, zomangira udzudzu, zolembela udzudzu, etc. Iyenera kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi khungu, lomwe limakondedwa ndi anthu ambiri, makamaka makolo a ana.Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amavala pa thupi la munthu ndipo amapanga chitetezo chozungulira thupi la munthu mothandizidwa ndi fungo la mankhwala, lomwe limasokoneza kununkhira kwa udzudzu, potero amasewera udindo wothamangitsa udzudzu.
Mukamagula mtundu uwu wa mankhwala othamangitsira udzudzu, kuwonjezera pakuwona nambala ya satifiketi yolembetsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana ngati ili ndi zosakaniza zogwira mtima, ndikusankha zinthu zomwe zili ndi zosakaniza zoyenera komanso kuchuluka kwake molingana ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pakali pano, pali zosakaniza 4 zotetezera udzudzu zotetezeka komanso zogwira mtima zomwe zalembedwa ndi US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ndipo zovomerezeka ndi US Centers for Disease Control (CDC): DEET, Picaridin, DEET (IR3535) / Imonin), Mafuta a Lemon Eucalyptus (OLE) kapena kuchotsa kwake Lemon Eucalyptol (PMD).Pakati pawo, atatu oyambirira ndi a mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala, ndipo otsirizawa ndi a zomera.Kuchokera pakuwona zotsatira zake, DEET ili ndi zotsatira zabwino zothamangitsa udzudzu ndipo imakhala kwa nthawi yayitali, kutsatiridwa ndi picaridin ndi DEET, ndi mafuta a mandimu a eucalyptus.Udzudzu umakhala kwakanthawi kochepa.
Pankhani ya chitetezo, chifukwaDEETimakwiyitsa khungu, timalimbikitsa kuti ana azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa udzudzu omwe ali ndi DEET osakwana 10%.Kwa ana ochepera miyezi 6, musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa udzudzu omwe ali ndi DEET.Mankhwala oletsa udzudzu alibe poizoni ndi zotsatira zake pakhungu, ndipo sangalowe mu khungu.Pakali pano amadziwika ngati mankhwala othamangitsira udzudzu ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.Otengedwa kuchokera ku zachilengedwe, mafuta a mandimu a bulugamu ndi otetezeka komanso osakwiyitsa khungu, koma ma terpenoid hydrocarbons omwe ali nawo amatha kuyambitsa ziwengo.Choncho, m’mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya ndi ku America, sikulimbikitsidwa kwa ana osakwana zaka zitatu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2022