Poyambitsa nkhani yokhudza kufulumizitsa kusintha kwa ulimi ndi madera akumidzi ndikulimbikitsa kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa ulimi, chinsinsi cha kusintha kwa ulimi chili mu kusintha kwasayansi ndi ukadaulo waulimi.
Mu 2025, Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Zakumidzi, mogwirizana ndi madipatimenti oyenerera monga Unduna wa Sayansi ndi Ukadaulo, Unduna wa Zamaphunziro, ndi Chinese Academy of Sciences, udzayang'ana kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a sayansi ndi ukadaulo waulimi, kulimbitsa mphamvu za sayansi ndi ukadaulo waulimi mdziko lonse, kulimbikitsa malo otsogola amakampani azaulimi muukadaulo wasayansi ndi ukadaulo, ndikulimbikitsa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko chokonzedwa bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za kafukufuku.sayansi ndi ukadaulo waulimikuti chuma cha dziko chikwere ndi 64%.
Choyamba, zinthu zofunika kwambiri zinapezeka mu kafukufuku woyambira. Chinsinsi cha momwe selo limodzi "limasinthira" kukhala chomera chathunthu chinawululidwa bwino, zomwe zinapereka maziko atsopano a chiphunzitso cha kusintha kwa majini a mbewu ndi kubwezeretsanso bwino. Kupambana kumeneku kunasankhidwa ngati imodzi mwa nkhani khumi zapamwamba za sayansi zapakhomo za 2025. Jini yoyamba ya mpunga padziko lonse lapansi yolimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri idapangidwa, zomwe zinapereka yankho latsopano lopezera kupanga mpunga kokhazikika komanso kwabwino kwambiri m'malo otentha kwambiri. Izi zidalembedwa ngati imodzi mwa zinthu khumi zapamwamba kwambiri zasayansi padziko lonse lapansi za 2025 ndi magazini ya Science.
Chachiwiri, kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwachitika mu kafukufuku wa m'malire. Kupanga zinthu zachilengedwe zaulimi kwapanga chitukuko choyambirira, "nzeru zopanga + ulimi" zafulumizitsidwa mu kapangidwe kake, ndipo mitundu yayikulu ya ulimi wanzeru yakhala ikubwerezedwanso ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza.
Chachitatu, zinthu zazikulu zachitika muukadaulo wamafakitale. Mtundu watsopano wa tirigu, Yangmai 53, wapangidwa, zomwe zatsegula njira yothetsera mavuto okhudzana ndi kukana fusarium wilt, kukolola ndi kupititsa patsogolo mgwirizano wabwino. Kupita patsogolo kwachitika pakufufuza ndi kupanga makina atsopano amagetsi ndipo agwiritsidwa ntchito. Vuto la "kupezeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe" ndi "kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe" m'malo ena amapiri ndi mapiri lachepetsedwa bwino, ndipo kafukufuku ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maloboti aulimi kwafulumizitsidwa ndipo kwachitika zinthu zatsopano.
Kenako, Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Zakumidzi udzayang'ana kwambiri pakulimbikitsa kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa zatsopano za sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso zatsopano zamafakitale, ndikupanga mphamvu zatsopano zopanga ulimi kutengera momwe zinthu zilili m'deralo.
Choyamba, tidzalimbikitsa kupereka zinthu zabwino kwambiri zasayansi ndi ukadaulo. Tidzapitiliza kukonza njira zofufuzira ndi chitukuko zomwe zimaphatikizapo "kusonkhanitsa zosowa kuchokera ku mafakitale, kuchita kafukufuku ndi ziwonetsero m'zochitika, ndikuwunika ndikuvomereza zotsatira kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito", ndikufulumizitsa kukwaniritsa zotsatira zoyambirira zingapo komanso zida zazikulu zogwirira ntchito m'magwero oyambira a mbewu, zida zanzeru zapamwamba, komanso zida zaulimi zoyenera madera amapiri ndi mapiri.
Kachiwiri, tidzalimbitsa ulimi wa makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo. Tidzakhazikitsa mozama pulojekiti yolima ukadaulo waulimi ya "zana, zikwi, ndi zikwi khumi", kulimbikitsa kusonkhanitsa zinthu zatsopano kumakampani, kukhazikitsa magulu angapo opanga zatsopano omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi makampani, ndikulimbikitsa zatsopano zophatikizana kudzera mu mgwirizano wamakampani ndi mayunivesite ndi kafukufuku.
Chachitatu, tidzalimbitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zachitika pa sayansi ndi ukadaulo. Tidzakhazikitsa njira zogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo watsopano waulimi, zinthu zatsopano, ndi zochitika zatsopano, kumanga maziko oyesera ukadaulo waulimi, kukhazikitsa njira zingapo zoyesera ukadaulo waulimi ndi kutsimikizira, ndikufulumizitsa kukhwima ndi kusintha kwa zomwe zachitika pa sayansi ndi ukadaulo waulimi. Kulimbitsa mabungwe ndi magulu owonjezera ukadaulo waulimi wothandiza anthu, kugwiritsa ntchito maudindo a mabungwe ofufuza, mayunivesite, ndi mabizinesi, ndikufulumizitsa kukwezedwa kwa zomwe zachitika pa sayansi ndi ukadaulo waulimi kumidzi ndi m'mabanja.
Chaka chathachi, chitukuko chobiriwira cha ulimi chasintha kwambiri, zomwe zapangitsa kuti zinthu ziyende bwino. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kwawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa manyowa a ziweto ndi nkhuku kwapitirira 80%. Chiwerengero chonse cha chakudya chobiriwira, zinthu zachilengedwe, zinthu zapadera komanso zatsopano zaulimi, komanso zinthu zaulimi zosonyeza malo zapitirira 88,000. Mu 2026, Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Zakumidzi udzakhazikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito lingaliro lakuti (mapiri obiriwira ndi madzi oyera) ndi ofanana ndi mapiri agolide ndi siliva, kuyesetsa kukonza njira zoyendetsera ntchito, kufulumizitsa kusintha kwa njira zopititsira patsogolo chitukuko, ndikulimbikitsa kusintha kobiriwira kwa chitukuko chaulimi kuti chifike patsogolo kwambiri.
Choyamba, kulimbikitsa kusunga chuma ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mukuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito. Kulimbikitsa chitetezo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu zomwe zili m'nthaka yolima, ndikukweza ubwino wa nthaka yolima. Kulimbikitsa kusunga madzi kudzera mu njira zaulimi, njira zaukadaulo, ndi njira zoyendetsera, ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino madzi a ulimi. Kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo asayansi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino madzi otayira kuchokera ku ulimi wa m'madzi. Kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kuyang'anira mafilimu apulasitiki asayansi, ndikulimbikitsa kuyang'anira ma phukusi a zinthu zomwe zili m'nthaka.
Chachiwiri, kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala m'njira yoyenera. Zinyalala ndi zinthu zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Kukulitsa njira zogwiritsira ntchito udzu, kukonza kuchuluka kwa udzu wobwerera m'nthaka m'njira yasayansi komanso yokhazikika; kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala za ziweto ndi nkhuku, ndikufulumizitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zakumidzi.
Chachitatu, kulimbikitsa kukhazikika ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa zachilengedwe zaulimi. Kulimbikitsa kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe m'mabowo akuluakulu a mitsinje, kuchita kukonzanso zachilengedwe zaulimi m'boma la Mtsinje wa Yangtze, kukhazikitsa mosazengereza lamulo loletsa usodzi kwa zaka khumi mumtsinje wa Yangtze, kulimbikitsa kuteteza zachilengedwe zaulimi m'boma la Mtsinje wa Yellow, kukhazikitsa mwamphamvu lamulo loletsa kusodza m'nyanja m'chilimwe, ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu zam'madzi. Kulimbikitsa kufunika kwa ulimi m'chilengedwe, kulimbikitsa kusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa mpweya woipa muulimi, ndikukweza luso la ulimi kuti ligwirizane ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.
Chachinayi, kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa unyolo wonse waulimi kuti ukhale wobiriwira komanso wopanda mpweya woipa. Konzani zoti muyambe ulendo watsopano wogawa zinthu zaulimi. Kulimbikitsa mwamphamvu ukadaulo wobiriwira komanso wozungulira, kulimbikitsa ulimi wophatikizana, kupanga tirigu ndi chakudya chogwirizana, komanso ulimi wophatikizana wa mpunga ndi nsomba. Kukhazikitsa unyolo waulimi wobiriwira komanso wopanda mpweya woipa, kufulumizitsa kukwezedwa kwa kuchepetsa kukonza ndi kukweza mtengo, kulimbikitsa kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendera ndi kukonza magwiridwe antchito, ndikuwonjezera ubwino ndi chitetezo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-10-2026
