Udzudzu wa malungo, wotchedwa Anopheles udzudzu (Nyssorhynchus darlingi), ukuyamba kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Malinga ndi lipoti la World Health Organization la World Malaria Report 2025, milandu ya malungo ku America inakwera ndi 15.7% pakati pa 2015 ndi 2024.
Malungo ndi matenda opatsirana m'magazi ndi udzudzu womwe uli ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Plasmodium. Ngakhale kuti udzudzu ukuyesetsa kuthetsa matendawa, malungo akadali ofala m'madera ena a South America, Asia, ndi Africa. Mu pepala la Science la mwezi wa Marichi, Jacob Tennison ndi anzake adafufuza za majini a Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlini, yemwe ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a malungo ku South America. Ofufuzawa adapeza kuti Anopheles darlini ikusintha kukhala yotsutsana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Tennessen ndi anzake adasanthula majini a udzudzu 1,094 ochokera kumayiko asanu ndi limodzi (Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, ndi Venezuela). Adapeza kusinthasintha kwa majini komwe kumachitika mobwerezabwereza m'magulu oyandikana nawo, makamaka mkati mwa zenera la 150-kb lomwe limaphatikizapo majini asanu ndi limodzi omwe amalemba cytochrome P450. Kusintha kwa majini a P450 kumalumikizidwa ndi kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo a pyrethroid, monga momwe zawonedwera mu Anopheles funestus ndi Anopheles gambiae ku sub-Saharan Africa.
Pezani chidziwitso chomveka bwino kudzera pa nsanja imodzi yomwe imaphatikiza deta yapadera, luntha lochita kupanga, ndi chidziwitso cha akatswiri.
Olembawo adazindikiranso kusintha kumeneku kosankhidwa kwambiri ngati polymorphism mu jini ya CYP6AA1, pomwe allele imodzi imalemba threonine pamalo 283, ndipo inayo imalemba lysine. Pofuna kuyesa ngati polymorphism iyi imapereka kukana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu udzudzu, ofufuzawo adagwira Anopheles darlingi 16 zakuthengo ndikuzipatsa deltamethrin. Zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti udzudzu wokhala ndi polymorphism ya threonine-lysine udapulumuka nthawi yayitali kuposa udzudzu womwe uli ndi homozygous wa threonine kapena homozygous wa lysine. Chifukwa chake, gulu la Anopheles darlingi pakadali pano likusankhidwa kuti lisinthe zomwe zimawonjezera kukana kwake ku deltamethrin.
Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) la “World Malaria Report 2025,” milandu ya malungo ku America inakwera ndi 15.7% pakati pa 2015 ndi 2024, ndipo Venezuela, Brazil, ndi Colombia ndi omwe ali ndi 75% ya milandu iyi. Akatswiri ofufuza za matenda a GlobalData akuneneratu kuti pofika chaka cha 2026, Brazil idzakhala ndi milandu yoposa 160,000 yotsimikizika ya malungo ndi milandu yatsopano yoposa 1.6 miliyoni.
Chinsinsi cha kuthetseratu malungo chili mu kulamulira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Udzudzu wa mtundu wa Anopheles africanus wakula ndi kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa pyrethroid, ndipo kukana kumeneku kukuwoneka kuti kukusintha kokha mwa udzudzu wa mtundu wa Anopheles dulcis. Pamene kukakamizidwa kwa kusintha kwa zinthu kukupitirirabe kuyambitsa kukana udzudzu, kulamulira kuchuluka kwa udzudzu kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri, ndipo kuthetseratu malungo kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, njira zina zowongolera matenda ziyenera kuperekedwa patsogolo.
Pezani chidziwitso chomveka bwino kudzera pa nsanja imodzi yomwe imaphatikiza deta yapadera, luntha lochita kupanga, ndi chidziwitso cha akatswiri.
Chonde onaninso Ndondomeko Yathu Yachinsinsi kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza mautumiki athu, kuphatikizapo momwe timagwiritsira ntchito, kukonza, ndi kugawana zambiri zanu, ufulu wanu wokhudzana ndi zambiri zanu, komanso momwe mungachotsere kulembetsa kuti musalandire mauthenga amtsogolo otsatsa malonda. Mautumiki athu amayang'ana ogwiritsa ntchito bizinesi, ndipo mukutsimikiza kuti adilesi ya imelo yomwe mumapereka ndi adilesi yanu ya imelo ya bizinesi.