Mbatata, tirigu, mpunga, ndi chimanga zimadziwika kuti ndi mbewu zinayi zofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo zili ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukula kwachuma chaulimi ku China.Mbatata, zomwe zimatchedwanso mbatata, ndizomasamba wamba m'miyoyo yathu.Akhoza kupangidwa kukhala zakudya zambiri.Ali ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi kuposa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.Iwo ali olemera kwambiri mu wowuma, mchere ndi mapuloteni.Ali ndi "maapulo apansi".Mutu.Koma pobzala mbatata, alimi nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kubzala kwa alimi.M’nyengo yofunda ndi yachinyontho, chiwopsezo cha masamba a mbatata chimachuluka.Ndiye kodi zizindikiro za choipitsa masamba a mbatata ndi ziti?Kodi kupewa izo?
Zizindikiro zowopsa zimawononga masamba, ambiri mwa iwo ndi matenda oyamba pamasamba apakati komanso mochedwa.Masamba a mbatata amakhala ndi kachilombo, kuyambira pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwa tsamba kapena nsonga, mawanga obiriwira abulauni amapangidwa koyambirira, kenako pang'onopang'ono amakula kukhala mawanga ozungulira mpaka "V" owoneka ngati imvi-bulauni, okhala ndi mawonekedwe a mphete osawoneka bwino. , ndipo kunja m'mphepete mwa matenda mawanga nthawi zambiri Chlorescence ndi chikasu, ndipo potsiriza matenda masamba ndi necrotic ndi anapsa, ndipo nthawi zina ochepa mdima bulauni mawanga akhoza kupangidwa pa matenda mawanga, ndiko kuti, conidia wa tizilomboto.Nthawi zina amatha kupatsira zimayambira ndi mipesa, kupanga mawanga otuwa a bulauni, ndipo kenako amatha kutulutsa mawanga ang'onoang'ono a bulauni pagawo la matenda.
Kapangidwe kamene kamachitika Choipitsa masamba cha mbatata chimayamba chifukwa cha matenda a mafangasi a Phoma vulgaris.Izi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda overwinters m'nthaka ndi sclerotium kapena hyphae pamodzi ndi matenda zimakhala, komanso overwinter pa zina khamu zotsalira.Mchaka chotsatira chikakhala choyenera, madzi amvula amathira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamasamba kapena tsinde kuti tiyambitse matenda.Matendawa akachitika, sclerotia kapena conidia amapangidwa mu gawo la matenda.Matenda obwerezabwereza mothandizidwa ndi madzi amvula amachititsa kuti matendawa afalikire.Kutentha ndi chinyezi chachikulu kumapangitsa kuti matendawa ayambe kuchitika komanso kufalikira kwa matendawa.Matendawa amawopsa kwambiri m'magawo omwe ali ndi dothi losalimba, kusamalidwa bwino, kubzala mopitilira muyeso, komanso kukula kofooka kwa mbewu.
Njira zopewera ndi zowongolera Miyezo yaulimi: sankhani minda yachonde, dziwani kachulukidwe kake koyenera;onjezerani feteleza wa organic, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito phosphorous ndi potaziyamu moyenera;kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe panthawi ya kukula, kuthirira ndi kuthirira mu nthawi, kuteteza kukalamba msanga kwa mbewu;pakatha nthawi yokolola Chotsani matupi omwe ali ndi matenda m'munda ndi kuwawononga pakatikati.
Kuwongolera kwamankhwala: kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda atangoyamba kumene.Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mutha kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable ufa nthawi 600, kapena 70% mancozeb WP 600 nthawi zamadzimadzi, kapena 50% iprodione WP 1200 Kuchulukitsa madzi + 50% Dibendazim yonyowa ufa 500 nthawi zamadzimadzi. , kapena 50% Vincenzolide WP 1500 nthawi zamadzi + 70% Mancozeb WP 800 madzi, kapena 560g/L Azoxybacter·Nthawi 800-1200 madzi a Junqing kuyimitsidwa, 5% chlorothalonil ufa 1kg, kapena 5% kakacin · mkuwa hydroxide ufa 1kg/mu angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kubzala m'madera otetezedwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-15-2021