Nthata zaulimi zimadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwamagulu ovuta kuwaletsa padziko lapansi.Zina mwazo, tizilombo tofala kwambiri ndi akangaude ndi ndulu, zomwe zimatha kuwononga kwambiri mbewu zachuma monga mitengo yazipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi maluwa.Chiwerengero ndi malonda a ma acaricides omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi nthata za herbivorous ndiwachiwiri kwa Lepidoptera ndi Homoptera pakati pa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ma acaricides.Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi ma acaricides komanso kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zopangira Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti magawo osiyanasiyana a kukana awonetsedwa, ndipo atsala pang'ono kupanga ma acaricides apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi zida zatsopano komanso njira zapadera zochitira.
Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsani mtundu watsopano wa benzoylacetonitrile acaricide - fenflunomide.Mankhwalawa adapangidwa ndi kampani yaku Japan ya Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd. ndipo idakhazikitsidwa koyamba mchaka cha 2017. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pothana ndi tizilombo towononga mbewu monga mitengo yazipatso, masamba ndi mitengo ya tiyi, makamaka ku tizirombo toyambitsa matenda. ayamba kukana.
Chikhalidwe choyambirira
Dzina lachingerezi: Cyflumetofen;Nambala ya CAS: 400882-07-7;Mapangidwe a maselo: C24H24F3NO4;Kulemera kwa molekyulu: 447.4;Dzina la mankhwala: 2-methoxyethyl-(R,S) -2-(4-tert. Butylphenyl) -2-cyano-3-oxo-3-(α,α,α-trifluoro-o-tolyl);kamangidwe kamangidwe ndi monga pansipa.
Butflufenafen ndi acaricide yopha m'mimba yopanda machitidwe, ndipo njira yake yayikulu ndikulepheretsa kupuma kwa mitochondrial kwa nthata.Kupyolera mu de-esterification mu vivo, dongosolo la hydroxyl limapangidwa, lomwe limasokoneza ndi kulepheretsa mapuloteni a mitochondrial II, amalepheretsa kusamutsidwa kwa electron (hydrogen), kuwononga phosphorylation reaction, ndi kuchititsa ziwalo ndi imfa ya nthata.
Zochita za cyflumetofen
(1) Kuchita kwakukulu ndi mlingo wochepa.Ma gramu khumi ndi awiri okha pa mu imodzi ya nthaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mpweya wochepa, wotetezeka komanso wokonda zachilengedwe;
(2) Kutambalala.Zogwira motsutsana ndi mitundu yonse ya nthata za tizilombo;
(3) Amasankha kwambiri.Zimangopha nsabwe zowononga, ndipo siziwononga zamoyo zomwe sizomwe timakonda komanso nthata zolusa;
(4) Kumvetsetsa.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito panja komanso kutetezedwa kwa mbewu za horticultural kuwongolera nthata mu magawo osiyanasiyana akukula kwa mazira, mphutsi, nymphs ndi akulu, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito molumikizana ndiukadaulo wowongolera zachilengedwe;
(5) Zotsatira zachangu komanso zokhalitsa.Pakadutsa maola 4, nthata zovulaza zidzasiya kudyetsa, ndipo nthata zidzapuwala mkati mwa maola 12, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino;ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zokhalitsa, ndipo ntchito imodzi imatha kulamulira nthawi yayitali;
(6) Sikwapafupi kukana mankhwala.Lili ndi njira yapadera yochitirapo kanthu, palibe kutsutsana ndi ma acaricides omwe alipo, ndipo sikophweka kuti nthata zikhale zotsutsana nazo;
(7) Imasungunuka mwachangu ndikuwonongeka m'nthaka ndi m'madzi, yomwe ili yotetezeka ku mbewu ndi zamoyo zomwe sizili ndi zolinga monga zoyamwitsa ndi zamoyo zam'madzi, zamoyo zopindulitsa, ndi adani achilengedwe.Ndi chida chabwino chowongolera kukana.
Misika Yapadziko Lonse ndi Kulembetsa
Mu 2007, fenflufen idalembetsedwa koyamba ndikugulitsidwa ku Japan.Tsopano bufenflunom yalembedwa ndikugulitsidwa ku Japan, Brazil, United States, China, South Korea, European Union ndi mayiko ena.Zogulitsa zimakhala makamaka ku Brazil, United States, Japan, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimawerengera pafupifupi 70% ya malonda apadziko lonse;ntchito yaikulu ndi kulamulira nthata pa mitengo ya zipatso monga zipatso za citrus ndi maapulo, zomwe zimaposa 80% ya malonda padziko lonse lapansi.
EU: Yolembedwa mu EU Annex 1 mu 2010 ndipo idalembetsedwa mwalamulo mu 2013, yovomerezeka mpaka 31 Meyi 2023.
United States: Analembetsa mwalamulo ndi EPA mu 2014, ndipo adavomerezedwa ndi California mu 2015. Kwa maukonde amitengo (magulu a mbewu 14-12), mapeyala (magulu a mbewu 11-10), citrus (magulu a mbewu 10-10), mphesa, sitiroberi , tomato ndi mbewu zakutchire.
Canada: Zavomerezedwa kuti zilembetsedwe ndi Health Canada's Pest Management Agency (PMRA) mu 2014.
Brazil: Inavomerezedwa mu 2013. Malinga ndi funso la webusaitiyi, mpaka pano, mlingo wake ndi 200g/L SC, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polimbana ndi nthata za ndevu zazifupi, maapulo oletsa akangaude, ndi khofi kulamulira chibakuwa-wofiira yochepa ndevu nthata, ang'onoang'ono zikhadabo nthata, etc.
China: Malinga ndi China Pesticide Information Network, pali zolembetsa ziwiri za fenflufenac ku China.Mmodzi ndi mlingo umodzi wa 200g/L SC, umene umagwiridwa ndi FMC.nthata.Chinanso ndi kalembera waukadaulo komwe Japan Ouite Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.
Australia: Mu Disembala 2021, bungwe la Australian Pesticide and Veterinary Medicines Administration (APVMA) lidalengeza kuvomereza ndi kulembetsa kuyimitsidwa kwa 200 g/L buflufenacil kuyambira pa Disembala 14, 2021 mpaka Januware 11, 2022. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera nthata zosiyanasiyana pome, amondi, citrus, mphesa, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, sitiroberi ndi zomera zokongola, komanso angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zodzitetezera mu sitiroberi, tomato ndi zomera zokongoletsera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-10-2022