Mancozeb

Ubwino wa Zamalonda

1. Fungicide yogwira ntchito kwambiri, yothandiza polimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a bowa.

2. Chitetezo chabwino kwambiri, chimapanga filimu yoteteza pamwamba pa mbewu kuti chiteteze matenda opatsirana.

3. Lili ndi manganese ndi zinc, limawonjezera zinthu zotsalira za mbewu kuti zikule bwino komanso kuti zisavutike.

4. Kugwirizana bwino ndi mankhwala ambiri ophera tizilombo, oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosakaniza kuti awonjezere mphamvu.

5. Njira yogwirira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimavuta kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tipeze kukana mankhwala.

Mapulogalamu Aakulu

1. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mitengo ya zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, mbewu zakumunda ndi mbewu zogulitsa.

2. Amalamulira matenda oyamba, matenda ochedwa, matenda a anthracnose, madontho a masamba, dzimbiri ndi matenda a downy mildew.

3. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popopera mbewu nthawi ya kukula kwa mbande, nthawi yophukira komanso matenda asanayambe.

4. Nthawi yayitali, yotetezeka ku mbewu malinga ndi mlingo wabwinobwino.

Cholinga cha kupewa ndi kuwongolera

(1) Pofuna kupewa ndi kuletsa matenda a blight, anthracnose, mawanga a masamba, ndi matenda ena mu tomato, biringanya, ndi mbatata, gwiritsani ntchito ufa wonyowa ndi 80% nthawi 400-600 kuposa ufa wonyowa ndi 80%. Thirani poyamba matendawa, ndipo bwerezaninso njirayi katatu kapena kasanu.

(2) Pofuna kupewa ndi kuletsa matenda oyamba ndi ovunda mwadzidzidzi m'mbale za ndiwo zamasamba, gwiritsani ntchito ufa wonyowa wa 80%, ndikusakaniza ndi mbewuzo pamlingo wa 0.1 - 0.5% ya kulemera kwa mbewu.

(3) Pofuna kupewa ndi kulamulira matenda a bowa monga downy mildew, anthracnose ndi malo a bulauni m'mavwende, ikani yankho lothira madzi okwana 400-500 popopera, ndikubwereza njirayi katatu kapena kasanu.

(4) Pofuna kupewa ndi kuletsa downy mildew ya kabichi ndi kale, komanso matenda a udzu winawake, thirani ndi yankho lothira madzi okwana 500-600 ndikubwereza njirayi katatu kapena kasanu.

(5) Pofuna kupewa ndi kulamulira matenda a nyemba zazikulu monga anthracnose ndi spot blotch, thirani ndi madzi osungunuka okwana 400-700 nthawi imodzi ndikubwereza njirayi kawiri kapena katatu.

Cholinga chachikulu

1. Mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala oteteza ku matenda a bowa ochokera ku masamba osiyanasiyana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mitengo ya zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu zakumunda, ndipo amatha kuletsa matenda osiyanasiyana ofunikira a bowa m'masamba, monga dzimbiri la tirigu, chimanga, matenda a mbatata a Phytophthora, matenda a mawanga akuda a zipatso, ndi anthracnose. Mlingo wake ndi 1.4 - 1.9 kg (chogwiritsidwa ntchito) pa hekitala. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kosiyanasiyana komanso kugwira ntchito bwino, wakhala mtundu wofunikira pakati pa mankhwala oteteza bowa omwe si a systemic. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi kapena kusakanikirana ndi mankhwala oteteza bowa, amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina.

2. Fungivi yoteteza ku matenda a fungus. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mitengo ya zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu zakumunda, imatha kuletsa matenda osiyanasiyana ofunikira a bowa m'masamba. Thirani ndi ufa wonyowa wowirikiza nthawi 500 - 700 kuposa ufa wonyowa wa 70% kuti muchepetse blight yoyambirira, imvi, downy mildew, ndi squash anthracnose m'masamba. Ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuletsa matenda a black spot, red spot disease, ndi anthracnose m'mitengo ya zipatso.

Matenda apadera

Ndiwo zamasamba

1. Tomato: Kuonongeka koyambirira, kuonongeka kochedwa, nkhungu ya masamba

2. Cucurbits: Downy mildew, anthracnose, powdery mildew, gummy stem blight

3. Tsabola ndi Biringanya: Anthracnose, nkhanambo, ndi matenda oyamba

4. Kabichi waku China ndi Kabichi: Downy mildew, alternaria blight

Mitengo ya zipatso

1. Apulo ndi Peyala: Kuwola kwa mphete, anthracnose, Alternaria blotch, scab

2. Malalanje: Nkhanza, anthracnose, scurfy, gummosis

3. Mphesa: Downy mildew, kuvunda kwa maso a mbalame, anthracnose, kuvunda koyera

4. Peach & Plum: Matenda a shot hole, anthracnose

Mbewu za m'munda ndi zogulira

1. Mbatata: Kuonongeka kwa nthawi yochedwa, kuonongeka koyambirira

2. Mtedza: Madontho a tsamba, dzimbiri

3. Tirigu ndi Chimanga: Dzimbiri, nthenda ya masamba akumpoto, nthenda ya masamba akumwera

4. Fodya: Dothi lofiirira, mildew

Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zonse

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu: kupopera masamba. Sakanizani mankhwalawo ndi madzi oyera, thirani mofanana kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa masamba, zipatso ndi nthambi.

2. Pakani matenda asanayambe kapena akangoyamba kumene; thiraninso mankhwala masiku 7-10 aliwonse panthawi zomwe zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri.

3. Imagwirizana ndi mankhwala ambiri ophera tizilombo osalowerera komanso okhala ndi asidi;musasakanize ndi zinthu zamchere(sulfure ya laimu, chisakanizo cha Bordeaux ndi zina zotero).

4. Tsatirani malamulo am'deralo; nthawi yonse yokolola isanakwane: masiku 7-14.

Zolemba

1. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito pa kutentha kwambiri komanso dzuwa lamphamvu kuti mupewe poizoni wa phytotoxic.

2. Konzani madzi musanagwiritse ntchito; musasunge madzi osungunuka kwa nthawi yayitali.

3. Sinthanitsani ndi mankhwala ophera fungicide a njira zosiyanasiyana kuti muchepetse kukana kwa zomera.