M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, ethephon nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupsa nthochi, tomato, persimmons ndi zipatso zina, koma kodi ethephon imagwira ntchito yotani? Kodi mungayigwiritse ntchito bwanji bwino?
Ethephon, yomwe ndi ethylene, imapangitsa kuti ribonucleic acid ipangidwe m'maselo ndipo imalimbikitsa kupanga mapuloteni. M'malo obisala a zomera, monga ma petioles, mapesi a zipatso, ndi pansi pa masamba, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kupanga mapuloteni, kupanganso kwa cellulase mu abscission layer kumalimbikitsidwa, ndipo kupangika kwa abscission layer kumakulitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zichotsedwe.
Ethephon imatha kukulitsa ntchito ya ma enzyme, komanso imatha kuyambitsa phosphatase ndi ma enzyme ena okhudzana ndi kukhwima kwa zipatso zipatso zikakhwima kuti zilimbikitse kukhwima kwa zipatso. Ethephon ndi chida chowongolera kukula kwa zomera chapamwamba komanso chogwira ntchito bwino. Molekyulu ya ethephon imatha kutulutsa molekyulu ya ethylene, yomwe imakhala ndi zotsatira zolimbikitsa kukhwima kwa zipatso, kulimbikitsa kuyenda kwa mabala, komanso kuwongolera kusintha kwa amuna ndi akazi.
Ntchito zazikulu za ethephon ndi izi: kulimbikitsa kusiyana kwa maluwa achikazi, kulimbikitsa kukhwima kwa zipatso, kulimbikitsa kufupika kwa zomera, ndi kusokoneza kusowa kwa zomera.
Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji ethephon bwino?
1. Thonje limagwiritsidwa ntchito kupsa:
Ngati thonje lili ndi mphamvu zokwanira, pichesi ya autumn nthawi zambiri imapsa ndi ethephon. Kugwiritsa ntchito ethephon pa thonje kumafuna kuti thonje zambiri zomwe zili m'munda wa thonje zikhale ndi zaka zopitirira masiku 45, ndipo kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuyenera kukhala pamwamba pa madigiri 20 mukamagwiritsa ntchito ethephon.
Pakucha kwa thonje, 40% ethephon imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kusungunula madzi okwana 300 ~ 500, ndikupopera m'mawa kapena kutentha kuli kokwera. Nthawi zambiri, ethephon ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa thonje, imatha kufulumizitsa kusweka kwa mabowo a thonje, kuchepetsa kuphuka kwa chisanu, kukweza bwino mtundu wa thonje, motero kuonjezera zokolola za thonje.
2. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokolola jujube, hawthorn, azitona, ginkgo ndi zipatso zina:
Jujube: Kuyambira nthawi yoyera yokhwima mpaka nthawi yokhwima ya jujube, kapena masiku 7 mpaka 8 musanakolole, ndi chizolowezi kupopera ethephon. Ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza maswiti, nthawi yopopera ikhoza kukwezedwa bwino, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ethephon yopopera ndi 0.0002%. ~0.0003% ndikwabwino. Chifukwa khungu la jujube ndi lochepa kwambiri, ngati ndi chakudya chosaphika, sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ethephon kuti muigwetse.
Hawthorn: Kawirikawiri, yankho la ethephon lokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa 0.0005% ~ 0.0008% limapopedwa masiku 7 ~ 10 musanayambe kukolola kwabwinobwino kwa hawthorn.
Maolivi: Kawirikawiri, yankho la ethephon la 0.0003% limapopedwa pamene maolivi ali pafupi kukhwima.
Zipatso zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatha kugwa patatha masiku atatu kapena anayi mutathira, gwedezani nthambi zazikulu.
3. Kucha kwa phwetekere:
Kawirikawiri, pali njira ziwiri zobzalira phwetekere ndi ethephon. Njira imodzi ndi kuviika zipatso mutatha kukolola. Kwa phwetekere zomwe zakula koma sizinakule mu "nthawi yosintha mtundu", ziyikeni mu yankho la ethephon ndi kuchuluka kwa 0.001% ~ 0.002%., ndipo patatha masiku angapo atakulungidwa, phwetekereyo idzasanduka yofiira ndikukhwima.
Chachiwiri ndi kupaka chipatsocho pamtengo wa phwetekere. Ikani yankho la ethephon la 0.002% ~ 0.004% pa chipatso cha phwetekere mu "nthawi yosintha mtundu". Phwetekere yomwe yapsa mwa njira iyi ndi yofanana ndi chipatso chokhwima mwachilengedwe.
4. Kuti nkhaka ikope maluwa:
Kawirikawiri, pamene mbande za nkhaka zili ndi masamba enieni 1 mpaka 3, yankho la ethephon lomwe lili ndi kuchuluka kwa 0.0001% mpaka 0.0002% limapopedwa. Kawirikawiri, limagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ethephon kumayambiriro kwa maluwa a nkhaka kungasinthe momwe maluwa amachitikira, kumayambitsa maluwa achikazi ndi maluwa amphongo ochepa, motero kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mavwende ndi kuchuluka kwa mavwende.
5. Kuti nthochi zipse:
Kuti nthochi zipse ndi ethephon, madzi a ethephon okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa 0.0005% ~ 0.001% nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika kapena kupopera nthochi zokhwima zisanu ndi ziwiri kapena zisanu ndi zitatu. Kutentha kumafunika madigiri 20. Nthochi zothandizidwa ndi ethephon zimatha kufewa mwachangu ndikukhala zachikasu, kuuma kwa tsitsi kumatha, wowuma umachepa, ndipo shuga amawonjezeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-28-2022