Leaps by Bayer, nthambi yogulitsa zinthu zokhutiritsa ya Bayer AG, ikuyika ndalama m'magulu kuti ikwaniritse kupita patsogolo kwakukulu m'magawo a sayansi ya zamoyo ndi sayansi zina za moyo. M'zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazi, kampaniyo yayika ndalama zoposa $1.7 biliyoni m'mabizinesi opitilira 55.
PJ Amini, Mtsogoleri Wamkulu ku Leaps by Bayer kuyambira 2019, akugawana malingaliro ake pa momwe kampaniyo yagwiritsira ntchito ndalama mu ukadaulo wa zamoyo komanso momwe zinthu zikuyendera mumakampani a zamoyo.
Leaps by Bayer yakhala ikuyika ndalama m'makampani angapo opanga mbewu zokhazikika m'zaka zingapo zapitazi. Kodi ndalamazi zikubweretsa phindu lotani ku Bayer?
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe timachitira ndalamazi ndikuyang'ana komwe tingapeze ukadaulo wotsogola womwe ukugwira ntchito m'magawo ofufuza omwe sitingawakhudze m'makoma athu. Gulu la Bayer's Crop Science R&D limagwiritsa ntchito $2.9B pachaka mkati mwa kampani pa luso lake lotsogola padziko lonse lapansi la R&D, koma pali zambiri zomwe zimachitika kunja kwa makoma ake.
Chitsanzo cha imodzi mwa ndalama zomwe tayika ndi CoverCress, yomwe imagwira ntchito yosintha majini ndikupanga mbewu yatsopano, PennyCress, yomwe imakololedwa kuti ipange mafuta atsopano okhala ndi carbon index yochepa, zomwe zimathandiza alimi kulima mbewu nthawi yawo yozizira pakati pa chimanga ndi soya. Chifukwa chake, ndizopindulitsa pazachuma kwa alimi, zimapanga mafuta okhazikika, zimathandiza kukonza thanzi la nthaka, komanso zimapereka china chake chomwe chimakwaniritsa machitidwe a alimi, ndi zinthu zina zaulimi zomwe timapereka ku Bayer. Kuganizira momwe zinthu zokhazikika izi zimagwirira ntchito mkati mwa dongosolo lathu lonse ndikofunikira.
Ngati muyang'ana zina mwa ndalama zomwe tayika mu malo opopera mbewu molondola, tili ndi makampani, monga Guardian Agriculture ndi Rantizo, omwe akuyang'ana njira zolondola zogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo woteteza mbewu. Izi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe Bayer imachita poteteza mbewu ndipo zimaperekanso mwayi wopanga mitundu yatsopano ya njira zotetezera mbewu zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mtsogolo.
Tikafuna kumvetsetsa bwino zinthu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito ndi nthaka, kukhala ndi makampani omwe tayika ndalama, monga ChrysaLabs, yomwe ili ku Canada, kumatipatsa chidziwitso chabwino cha nthaka ndi kumvetsetsa. Chifukwa chake, titha kuphunzira momwe zinthu zathu, kaya ndi mbewu, chemistry, kapena zamoyo, zimagwirira ntchito mogwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha nthaka. Muyenera kukhala okhoza kuyeza nthaka, zonse ziwiri za organic ndi inorganic.
Makampani ena, monga Sound Agriculture kapena Andes, akuyang'ana kuchepetsa feteleza wopangidwa ndi kusonkhanitsa mpweya woipa, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi Bayer masiku ano.
Poika ndalama m'makampani a bio-ag, ndi zinthu ziti za makampani awa zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuziwunika? Ndi njira ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuthekera kwa kampani? Kapena ndi deta iti yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri?
Kwa ife, mfundo yoyamba ndi gulu labwino komanso ukadaulo wabwino kwambiri.
Kwa makampani ambiri oyambira a zaulimi omwe amagwira ntchito m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kutsimikizira kuti zinthu zawo zikuyenda bwino msanga. Koma ndi gawo limene timalangiza makampani ambiri atsopano kuti aziganizira kwambiri ndikuyesetsa kwambiri. Ngati izi ndi zachilengedwe, mukayang'ana momwe zidzakhalire m'munda, zidzakhala zikugwira ntchito m'malo ovuta komanso osinthasintha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita mayeso oyenera ndi kulamulira koyenera komwe kukhazikitsidwa mu labu kapena chipinda chokulirapo msanga. Mayeso awa angakuuzeni momwe malondawo amagwirira ntchito bwino kwambiri, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kupanga msanga musanachite gawo lokwera mtengo lopita ku mayeso amunda waukulu popanda kudziwa mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa malonda anu.
Ngati mukuyang'ana zinthu zachilengedwe lero, kwa makampani atsopano omwe akufuna kugwirizana ndi Bayer, gulu lathu la Open Innovation Strategic Partnership lili ndi zotsatira zenizeni zomwe timayang'ana ngati tikufuna kuchita nawo.
Koma makamaka poganizira za ndalama, kufunafuna mfundo zotsimikizira kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino komanso kukhala ndi njira zabwino zowongolera, komanso kuwunika koyenera motsutsana ndi njira zabwino zamalonda, ndi zomwe timayang'ana kwambiri.
Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuyambira pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko mpaka kufika pa malonda a ulimi wachilengedwe? Kodi nthawi imeneyi ingafupikitsidwe bwanji?
Ndikanakonda ndikananena kuti pali nthawi yeniyeni yomwe imatenga. Ponena za nkhaniyi, ndakhala ndikuyang'ana zamoyo kuyambira nthawi yomwe Monsanto ndi Novozymes adagwirizana pa imodzi mwa mapaipi akuluakulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi opezera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa zaka zingapo. Ndipo panthawiyo, panali makampani, monga Agradis ndi AgriQuest, omwe onse anali kuyesera kukhala apainiya potsatira njira yolamulirayo, ponena kuti, "Zimatenga zaka zinayi. Zimatenga zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Zimatenga zisanu ndi zitatu." M'malo mwake, ndikanakonda kukupatsani mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuposa nambala yeniyeni. Chifukwa chake, muli ndi zinthu kuyambira zaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu kuti mufike pamsika.
Ndipo poyerekezera, kuti mupange khalidwe latsopano, zingatenge zaka pafupifupi khumi ndipo mwina zingawononge ndalama zoposa $100 miliyoni. Kapena mungaganizire za mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala oteteza mbewu omwe amatenga pafupifupi zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri komanso oposa $250 miliyoni. Chifukwa chake masiku ano, zinthu zachilengedwe ndi gulu la zinthu zomwe zimatha kufika pamsika mwachangu.
Komabe, dongosolo lolamulira likupitirirabe kusintha m'derali. Ndinaliyerekezera ndi mankhwala opangira chitetezo cha mbewu kale. Pali malamulo enieni oyesera okhudza chilengedwe ndi mayeso ndi miyezo ya poizoni, komanso kuyeza zotsatira za nthawi yayitali za zotsalira.
Ngati tiganizira za zamoyo, ndi chamoyo chovuta kwambiri, ndipo kuyeza zotsatira zake kwa nthawi yayitali n'kovuta pang'ono kuzigwira, chifukwa zimadutsa mu moyo ndi imfa poyerekeza ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala, omwe ndi mawonekedwe osapangidwa omwe angayesedwe mosavuta mu nthawi yake yowononga. Chifukwa chake, tidzafunika kuchita kafukufuku wa anthu kwa zaka zingapo kuti timvetse bwino momwe machitidwewa amagwirira ntchito.
Fanizo labwino kwambiri lomwe ndingapereke ndilakuti ngati mukuganiza za nthawi yomwe tidzalowetse chamoyo chatsopano mu chilengedwe, nthawi zonse pamakhala zabwino ndi zotsatira zake, koma nthawi zonse pamakhala zoopsa kapena zabwino zomwe muyenera kuziyeza pakapita nthawi. Sizinali kale kwambiri pamene tinayambitsa Kudzu (Pueraria montana) ku US (1870) kenako tinayitcha kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 ngati chomera chabwino kwambiri chogwiritsira ntchito poletsa kukokoloka kwa nthaka chifukwa cha kukula kwake mwachangu. Tsopano Kudzu ndi chomera chachikulu cha Southeastern United States ndipo chimaphimba mitundu yambiri ya zomera zomwe zimakhala mwachilengedwe, zomwe zimawalepheretsa kupeza kuwala ndi michere. Tikapeza kachilombo 'kolimba' kapena 'kogwirizana' ndikuyambitsa, tiyenera kumvetsetsa bwino momwe kamagwirizanirana ndi chilengedwe chomwe chilipo.
Tikadali m'masiku oyambirira kuchita miyeso imeneyo, koma pali makampani atsopano omwe si ndalama zathu, koma ndikanawatchula mosangalala. Solena Ag, Pattern Ag ndi Trace Genomics akuchita kusanthula kwa nthaka ya metagenomic kuti amvetse mitundu yonse yomwe imapezeka m'nthaka. Ndipo tsopano popeza titha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa anthuwa mosasinthasintha, titha kumvetsetsa bwino zotsatira za nthawi yayitali zoyambitsa zamoyo mu microbiome yomwe ilipo.
Kufunika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu kwa alimi, ndipo sayansi ya zamoyo imapereka chida chothandiza kuti chiwonjezedwe ku zida zonse zolowera za alimi. Nthawi zonse pali chiyembekezo chofupikitsa nthawi kuyambira pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko mpaka malonda, chiyembekezo changa cha kampani yoyambira ya Ag ndi osewera akuluakulu omwe akhazikitsidwa kuti agwirizane ndi malamulo ndikuti sikuti imangopitiliza kulimbikitsa ndikulimbikitsa kulowa mwachangu kwa zinthuzi mumakampani, komanso kukweza miyezo yoyesera nthawi zonse. Ndikuganiza kuti cholinga chathu chachikulu pa zinthu zaulimi ndikuti zikhale zotetezeka komanso zogwira ntchito bwino. Ndikuganiza kuti tidzawona njira ya zinthu zamoyo ikupitilira kusintha.
Kodi njira zazikulu zofufuzira ndi chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe zobzala mbewu ndi ziti?
Pakhoza kukhala zinthu ziwiri zofunika zomwe timaziona nthawi zambiri: Chimodzi ndi cha majini, ndipo china ndi chaukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito.
Kumbali ya majini, zomwe zakhala zikuchitika m'mbuyomu zakhala zikutsatiridwa kwambiri komanso kusankha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timapezeka mwachilengedwe tomwe tiyenera kubwereranso ku machitidwe ena. Ndikuganiza kuti zomwe tikuwona masiku ano ndi zokhudza kukonza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikusintha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tigwire ntchito bwino momwe tingathere pazochitika zina.
Njira yachiwiri ndi kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achilengedwe m'minda ya mbewu. Ngati mungathe kuchiza mbewu, n'zosavuta kufika pamsika waukulu, ndipo mutha kugwirizana ndi makampani ambiri obzala mbewu kuti muchite zimenezo. Tawona izi ndi Pivot Bio, ndipo tikupitiriza kuona izi ndi makampani ena mkati ndi kunja kwa portfolio yathu.
Makampani ambiri atsopano amayang'ana kwambiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipeze zinthu zomwe akufuna. Kodi ali ndi zotsatira zotani zogwirizana ndi ukadaulo wina waulimi, monga ulimi wolondola, kusintha majini, luntha lochita kupanga (AI) ndi zina zotero?
Ndasangalala ndi funso ili. Ndikuganiza kuti yankho labwino kwambiri lomwe tingapereke ndilakuti sitikudziwa bwino. Ndikunena izi ponena za kusanthula kwina komwe tidayang'ana komwe cholinga chake chinali kuyeza mgwirizano pakati pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zolowetsera ulimi. Izi zinali zaka zoposa zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo, kotero ndi zakale pang'ono. Koma zomwe tidayesa kuziona zinali kuyanjana konseku, monga ma virus ndi germplasm, germplasm ndi fungicides ndi zotsatira za nyengo pa germplasm, ndikuyesera kumvetsetsa zinthu zonsezi zambiri komanso momwe zimakhudzira magwiridwe antchito amunda. Ndipo zotsatira za kusanthula kumeneko zinali zakuti kupitirira 60% kwa kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito amunda kunayendetsedwa ndi nyengo, zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira.
Pazinthu zina zonse zomwe zingachitike, kumvetsetsa momwe zinthuzi zimagwirira ntchito ndi komwe tikuyembekezerabe, chifukwa pali njira zina zomwe makampani omwe akupanga ukadaulo angapangitse kuti zinthu zisinthe kwambiri. Ndipo chitsanzo chili m'gulu lathu. Ngati muyang'ana Sound Agriculture, zomwe amapanga ndi biochemistry, ndipo chemistry imagwira ntchito pa tizilombo toyambitsa nayitrogeni zomwe zimapezeka mwachilengedwe m'nthaka. Pali makampani ena masiku ano omwe akupanga kapena kukulitsa mitundu yatsopano ya tizilombo toyambitsa nayitrogeni. Zinthuzi zimatha kukhala zogwirizana pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimathandizanso kusunga zambiri ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza wopangidwa womwe umafunika m'munda. Sitinawonepo chinthu chimodzi pamsika chomwe chingalowe m'malo mwa 100% ya feteleza wa CAN masiku ano kapena ngakhale 50%. Kudzakhala kuphatikiza kwa ukadaulo wopambanawu komwe kudzatitsogolera panjira iyi yamtsogolo.
Chifukwa chake, ndikuganiza kuti tili pachiyambi chabe, ndipo iyi ndi mfundo yoti ndiyitchulenso, ndipo ichi ndichifukwa chake ndimakonda funsoli.
Ndinanena kale, koma ndibwerezanso kuti vuto lina lomwe timaliona nthawi zambiri ndilakuti makampani atsopano ayenera kuyang'ana kwambiri kuyesa mkati mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zaulimi ndi zachilengedwe. Ngati ndili ndi katswiri wazachilengedwe ndipo ndikupita kumunda, koma sindikuyesera mbewu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mlimi angagule, kapena sindikuyesera mogwirizana ndi mankhwala ophera fungicide omwe mlimi angapopere kuti apewe matenda, ndiye kuti sindikudziwa momwe mankhwalawa angagwire ntchito chifukwa mankhwala ophera fungicide angakhale ndi ubale wotsutsana ndi gawo lachilengedwe. Tawonapo kale zimenezo.
Tili kumayambiriro koyesa zonsezi, koma ndikuganiza kuti tikuwona madera ena a mgwirizano ndi kutsutsana pakati pa zinthu. Tikuphunzira pakapita nthawi, chomwe ndi gawo lalikulu pa izi!
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Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-12-2023