Leaps by Bayer, gulu lothandizira ndalama la Bayer AG, likuyika ndalama m'magulu kuti akwaniritse zotsogola pazachilengedwe ndi magawo ena a sayansi ya moyo. Pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazi, kampaniyo yayika ndalama zoposa $1.7 biliyoni m'mabizinesi opitilira 55.
PJ Amini, Senior Director ku Leaps ndi Bayer kuyambira 2019, amagawana malingaliro ake pazachuma zomwe kampaniyo idachita muukadaulo wa biologicals ndi zomwe zikuchitika pamakampani azachilengedwe.
Leaps by Bayer yayika ndalama m'makampani angapo opanga mbewu zokhazikika pazaka zingapo zapitazi. Kodi mapindu awa akubweretsa ku Bayer bwanji?
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe timapangira ndalamazi ndikuyang'ana komwe tingapeze matekinoloje opambana omwe akugwira ntchito m'madera ofufuza omwe sitikhudza mkati mwa makoma athu. Gulu la Bayer's Crop Science R&D limagwiritsa ntchito $2.9B pachaka mkati mwa luso lawo la R&D lotsogola padziko lonse lapansi, komabe pali zambiri zomwe zimachitika kunja kwa makoma ake.
Chitsanzo cha imodzi mwazogulitsa zathu ndi CoverCress, yomwe ikukhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini ndikupanga mbewu yatsopano, PennyCress, yomwe imakololedwa kuti ikhale ndi njira yatsopano yopangira mafuta a carbon index, yomwe imalola alimi kulima mbewu m'nyengo yawo yozizira pakati pa chimanga ndi soya. Chifukwa chake, ndizopindulitsa pazachuma kwa alimi, zimapanga gwero lamafuta okhazikika, zimathandizira kukonza thanzi lanthaka, komanso zimaperekanso zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi machitidwe a alimi, ndi zinthu zina zaulimi zomwe timapereka ku Bayer. Kuganizira momwe zinthu zokhazikikazi zimagwirira ntchito mkati mwadongosolo lathu lalikulu ndikofunikira.
Ngati muyang'ana zina mwazinthu zomwe tagulitsa m'malo opopera molondola, tili ndi makampani, monga Guardian Agriculture ndi Rantizo, omwe akuyang'ana njira zamakono zotetezera mbewu. Izi zimakwaniritsa udindo wa Bayer woteteza mbewu ndikupangitsanso kuthekera kopanga mitundu yatsopano yoteteza mbewu yomwe cholinga chake ndikugwiritsanso ntchito mtsogolo mocheperako.
Tikafuna kumvetsetsa bwino zogulitsa ndi momwe zimagwirizanirana ndi nthaka, kukhala ndi makampani omwe tayikamo ndalama, monga ChrysaLabs, yomwe ili ku Canada, imatipatsa mawonekedwe abwino a nthaka ndi kumvetsetsa. Choncho, tingaphunzire mmene zinthu zathu, kaya ndi mbewu, chemistry, kapena biology, zimagwirira ntchito mogwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha nthaka. Muyenera kuyeza nthaka, zonse zomwe zili ndi organic ndi inorganic.
Makampani ena, monga Sound Agriculture kapena Andes, akuyang'ana zochepetsera feteleza wopangidwa ndi kaboni, zomwe zikukwaniritsa gawo lalikulu la Bayer lero.
Mukayika ndalama m'makampani a bio-ag, ndi zinthu ziti zamakampaniwa zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuziwunika? Ndi njira ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuthekera kwa kampani? Kapena ndi data iti yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri?
Kwa ife, mfundo yoyamba ndi gulu lalikulu komanso luso lamakono.
Kwa makampani ambiri oyambirira a ag-tech omwe amagwira ntchito mu bio space, ndizovuta kwambiri kutsimikizira kuti malonda awo ndi othandiza kwambiri. Koma ndi gawo lomwe timalangiza oyambitsa ambiri kuti ayang'ane nawo ndikuchita khama kwambiri. Ngati izi ndi zamoyo, mukayang'ana momwe zidzakhalire m'munda, zidzagwira ntchito muzochitika zovuta kwambiri komanso zamphamvu zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita mayeso oyenera ndikuwongolera koyenera kokhazikitsidwa mu labu kapena chipinda chokulirapo koyambirira. Mayeserowa angakuuzeni momwe mankhwalawo amachitira zinthu zomwe zili bwino kwambiri, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti zitheke kupanga msanga musanatenge mtengo wokwera kwambiri wopita ku mayesero ochuluka a maekala popanda kudziwa mtundu wabwino wa malonda anu.
Ngati muyang'ana zamoyo wamasiku ano, kwa oyambitsa omwe akufuna kuyanjana ndi Bayer, gulu lathu la Open Innovation Strategic Partnership lili ndi zotsatira zatsatanetsatane zomwe timayang'ana ngati tikufuna kuchita nawo.
Koma kuchokera ku magalasi opangira ndalama makamaka, kuyang'ana maumboni omwe ali othandiza komanso kukhala ndi maulamuliro abwino, komanso macheke oyenerera motsutsana ndi njira zabwino zamalonda, ndizomwe timayang'ana.
Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuchokera ku R&D kupita kumalonda kuti mulowetse zaulimi? Kodi nthawi imeneyi ingafupikitsidwe bwanji?
Ndikufuna ndinene kuti pali nthawi yeniyeni yomwe imatenga. M'mawu ake, ndakhala ndikuyang'ana zamoyo kuyambira kale pomwe Monsanto ndi Novozymes adagwirizana pa imodzi mwamapaipi akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi otulukira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa zaka zingapo. Ndipo panthawiyo, panali makampani, monga Agradis ndi AgriQuest, omwe anali kuyesera kuti akhale apainiya potsatira njira yolamulirayo, ponena kuti, ″Zimatenga zaka zinayi. Zimatengera ife zisanu ndi chimodzi. Zimatengera eyiti. ″ Kunena zowona, ndingakonde kukupatsani mitundu kuposa nambala yeniyeni. Chifukwa chake, muli ndi zinthu kuyambira zaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu kuti mukafike kumsika.
Ndipo poyerekezera ndi inu, kuti mukhale ndi khalidwe latsopano, zingatenge pafupifupi zaka khumi ndipo zingawononge ndalama zoposa $100 miliyoni. Kapena mungaganizire za mankhwala oteteza mbewu omwe amatenga pafupifupi zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri komanso kuposa $250 miliyoni. Chifukwa chake masiku ano, biologicals ndi gulu lazinthu zomwe zimatha kufika mwachangu pamsika.
Komabe, ndondomeko ya kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake Ndinaziyerekeza ndi chemistry yoteteza mbewu kale. Pali zoyezetsa zenizeni zokhudzana ndi kuyezetsa zachilengedwe ndi toxicology ndi miyezo, komanso kuyeza kwazomwe zatsalira kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ngati tiganizira zachilengedwe, ndi chamoyo chovuta kwambiri, ndipo kuyeza zomwe zimachitika nthawi yayitali kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti tigwiritse ntchito, chifukwa amadutsa m'mizere ya moyo ndi imfa motsutsana ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi chemistry, omwe ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika omwe amatha kuyezedwa mosavuta pakuwonongeka kwake kwa nthawi. Chifukwa chake, tidzafunika kuchita maphunziro a kuchuluka kwa anthu pazaka zingapo kuti timvetsetse momwe machitidwewa amagwirira ntchito.
Fanizo labwino kwambiri lomwe ndingapereke ndikuti ngati mukuganiza za nthawi yomwe tidzalowetse zamoyo zatsopano mu chilengedwe, nthawi zonse pamakhala zopindulitsa ndi zotsatira zapafupifupi, koma nthawi zonse pali zoopsa zomwe zingatheke nthawi yayitali kapena zopindulitsa zomwe muyenera kuziyeza pakapita nthawi. Sizinali kale kwambiri tidayambitsa Kudzu (Pueraria montana) ku US (1870's) kenako tidayitcha kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 ngati chomera chogwiritsa ntchito poletsa kukokoloka kwa nthaka chifukwa cha kukula kwake mwachangu. Panopa Kudzu akulamulira chigawo chachikulu cha kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa United States ndipo chimakhudza mitundu yambiri ya zomera zomwe zimapezeka mwachilengedwe, zomwe zimawalepheretsa kupeza kuwala ndi zakudya. Tikapeza kachirombo ka 'silient' kapena 'symbiotic' ndikuyambitsa, tiyenera kumvetsetsa bwino momwe zimakhalira ndi chilengedwe chomwe chilipo.
Tidakali m'masiku oyambilira ochita miyesoyi, koma pali makampani oyambitsa omwe si ndalama zathu, koma ndikanawayitana mosangalala. Solena Ag, Pattern Ag ndi Trace Genomics akufufuza nthaka kuti amvetsetse zamoyo zonse zomwe zimapezeka m'nthaka. Ndipo tsopano popeza titha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa anthuwa mosasinthasintha, titha kumvetsetsa bwino zotsatira zanthawi yayitali zoyambitsa zamoyo mu microbiome yomwe ilipo.
Zogulitsa zosiyanasiyana zimafunikira kwa alimi, ndipo biologicals imapereka chida chothandiza kuti chiwonjezedwe ku zida za alimi. Nthawi zonse pali chiyembekezo chofupikitsa nthawi kuchokera ku R&D kupita ku malonda, chiyembekezo changa cha kuyambitsa kwa Ag ndikukhazikitsa osewera okulirapo ndi malo owongolera ndikuti sikungopitilirabe kulimbikitsa ndikulimbikitsa kulowa mwachangu kwazinthu izi mumakampani, komanso kumakweza mosalekeza miyezo yoyesera. Ndikuganiza kuti chofunika kwambiri pazaulimi ndi chakuti ndizotetezeka komanso zimagwira ntchito bwino. Ndikuganiza kuti tiwona njira zopangira zamoyo zikupitilizabe kusinthika.
Kodi mayendedwe ofunikira kwambiri mu R&D ndikugwiritsa ntchito zolowetsa zabiological agri-inputs ndi ziti?
Pakhoza kukhala njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe timawona. Imodzi ili mu chibadwa, ndipo ina ili mu umisiri wa ntchito.
Kumbali ya majini, zomwe zakhala zikuwona zochitika zambiri zotsatizana ndi kusankha kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayenera kubwezeretsedwanso ku machitidwe ena. Ndikuganiza kuti zomwe tikuwona masiku ano ndizokhudza kukhathamiritsa kwa ma microbe ndikusintha ma virus awa kuti akhale ogwira mtima momwe angathere munthawi zina.
Njira yachiwiri ndikuchoka pamasamba kapena mumizere kupita ku mankhwala a mbewu. Ngati mutha kuchiza mbewu, ndikosavuta kuti mufike kumsika waukulu, ndipo mutha kuyanjana ndi makampani ambiri kuti muchite izi. Tawona izi ndi Pivot Bio, ndipo tikupitilizabe kuwona izi ndi makampani ena mkati ndi kunja kwa mbiri yathu.
Oyambitsa ambiri amayang'ana kwambiri ma virus pamapaipi awo azinthu. Ndi zotsatira zotani zomwe ali nazo ndi matekinoloje ena aulimi, monga ulimi wolondola, kusintha ma gene, luntha lochita kupanga (AI) ndi zina zotero?
Ndinasangalala ndi funso limeneli. Ndikuganiza kuti yankho labwino kwambiri lomwe titha kupereka ndikuti sitikudziwa bwino lomwe. Ndikunena izi potengera kuwunika komwe tidawona komwe cholinga chake ndi kuyesa mgwirizano pakati pa zopangira zaulimi zosiyanasiyana. Izi zinali zaka zoposa zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo, kotero ndi zachikale pang'ono. Koma zomwe tidayesa kuyang'ana zinali kuyanjana konseku, monga ma virus ndi germplasm, germplasm ndi fungicides ndi zotsatira zanyengo pa germplasm, ndikuyesa kumvetsetsa zinthu zonsezi ndi momwe zimakhudzira ntchito yakumunda. Ndipo zotsatira za kusanthula kumeneko zinali kuti kupitirira 60% ya kusiyana kwa ntchito m'munda kumayendetsedwa ndi nyengo, zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira.
Pakusinthika konseku, kumvetsetsa kuyanjana kwazinthu izi ndipamene tidali ndi chiyembekezo, popeza pali zida zina zomwe makampani opanga ukadaulo amathabe kukhudza kwambiri. Ndipo chitsanzo chili mu mbiri yathu. Mukayang'ana Ulimi Womveka, zomwe amapanga ndi biochemistry, ndipo chemistry imagwira ntchito pa nayitrogeni kukonza tizilombo tomwe timapezeka m'nthaka. Palinso makampani ena masiku ano omwe akupanga kapena kukulitsa mitundu yatsopano ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a nayitrogeni. Zogulitsazi zimatha kukhala zogwirizana pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimathandizira kuti sequester ichuluke komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza opangira omwe amafunikira m'munda. Sitinawonepo chinthu chimodzi pamsika chomwe chingathe kusintha 100% ya feteleza wa CAN masiku ano kapena 50% pankhaniyi. Kudzakhala kuphatikiza kwa matekinoloje opambana awa omwe atitsogolere m'njira yomwe tingathe mtsogolo.
Chifukwa chake, ndikuganiza kuti tangotsala pang'ono kuyamba, ndipo iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kunenanso, ndichifukwa chake ndimakonda funsoli.
Ndidazinena kale, koma ndibwerezanso kuti vuto lina lomwe timaliwona nthawi zambiri ndikuti oyambitsa amayenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuyesa pazomwe zikuchitika komanso zachilengedwe. Ngati ndili ndi bioloji ndikupita kumunda, koma sindikuyesa mbewu zabwino zomwe mlimi angagule, kapena sindikuyesa mogwirizana ndi mankhwala ophera bowa omwe mlimi amawapopera kuti apewe matenda, ndiye kuti sindikudziwa momwe mankhwalawa angagwirire chifukwa mankhwala opha bowa amatha kukhala ndi ubale wotsutsana ndi gawo lachilengedwelo. Taonapo zimenezi m’mbuyomo.
Tili m'masiku oyambilira kuyesa zonsezi, koma ndikuganiza kuti tikuwona madera ena ogwirizana komanso kusamvana pakati pa zinthu. Tikuphunzira pakapita nthawi, lomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la izi!
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Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-12-2023