Tsopano popeza tikulankhula za dinotefuran ya m'badwo wachitatu ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a nicotinic, choyamba tiyeni tikambirane za magulu a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a nicotinic.
Mbadwo woyamba wa zinthu za nikotini: imidacloprid, nitenpyram, acetamiprid, thiacloprid. Chapakati chachikulu ndi 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine, yomwe ili m'gulu la chloropyridyl.
Zinthu za nikotini za m'badwo wachiwiri: thiamethoxam), clothianidin. Chinthu chachikulu chapakati ndi 2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole, yomwe ili m'gulu la chlorothiazolyl.
M'badwo wachitatu wa zinthu za nikotini: dinotefuran, gulu la tetrahydrofuran limalowa m'malo mwa gulu la chloro, ndipo lilibe zinthu za halogen.
Njira yophera tizilombo ya nikotini ndi kugwira ntchito pa njira yotumizira mitsempha ya tizilombo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizisangalala kwambiri, tizitha kufooka ndi kufa, komanso zimakhala ndi zotsatira za kupha tizilombo tokhudzana ndi tizilombo komanso poizoni m'mimba. Poyerekeza ndi nikotini wamba, dinotefuran ilibe zinthu za halogen, ndipo kusungunuka kwake m'madzi kumakhala kolimba, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti dinotefuran imayamwa mosavuta; ndipo poizoni wake pakamwa pa njuchi ndi 1/4.6 yokha ya thiamethoxam, poizoni wokhudzana ndi tizilombo ndi theka la thiamethoxam.
Pofika pa Ogasiti 30, 2022, dziko langa lili ndi ziphaso 25 zolembetsera zinthu zaukadaulo za dinotefuran; ziphaso 164 zolembetsera za mlingo umodzi ndi ziphaso 111 zolembetsera zosakaniza, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ophera tizilombo 51 aukhondo.
Mafomu olembetsedwa a mlingo akuphatikizapo granules zosungunuka, suspension agents, granules zosungunuka m'madzi, suspension seed covering agents, granules, ndi zina zotero, ndipo mulingo umodzi wa mlingo ndi 0.025%-70%.
Zinthu zosakaniza ndi monga pymetrozine, spirotetramat, pyridaben, bifenthrin, ndi zina zotero.
01 Dinofuran + Pymetrozine
Pymetrozine ili ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsa zinthu m'thupi, ndipo mphamvu ya dinotefuran yogwira ntchito mwachangu ndiye ubwino woonekeratu wa mankhwalawa. Awiriwa ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito. Tizilombo tikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi, timafa msanga ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali.02Dinotefuran + Spirotetramat
Fomula iyi ndi njira yotsutsana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo ta thrips, ndi ntchentche zoyera. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuchokera ku kukwezedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa malo osiyanasiyana komanso ndemanga za ogwiritsa ntchito, zotsatira zake zikadali zokhutiritsa kwambiri.
03Dinotefuran + Pyriproxyfen
Pyriproxyfen ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, pomwe dinotefuran imagwira ntchito kwa akuluakulu okha. Kuphatikiza kwa awiriwa kumatha kupha mazira onse. Fomula iyi ndi yabwino kwambiri.
04Mankhwala Ophera Tizilombo a Dinotefuran + Pyrethroid
Fomula iyi ingathandize kwambiri kupha tizilombo. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa pyrethroid okha ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza kwa zinthu ziwirizi kungachepetse kukana mankhwala, komanso kungathe kuchiza kachilomboka. Ndi njira yomwe opanga mankhwala amalimbikitsira kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Kuthetsa kuthetsa
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zili pakati pa dinotefuran ndi tetrahydrofuran-3-methylamine ndi O-methyl-N-nitroisourea.
Kupanga kwa tetrahydrofuran-3-methylamine kumachitika makamaka ku Zhejiang, Hubei ndi Jiangsu, ndipo mphamvu yopangira ndi yokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito dinotefuran.
Kupanga kwa O-methyl-N-nitroisourea kumachitika makamaka ku Hebei, Hubei ndi Jiangsu. Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dinotefuran chifukwa cha njira yoopsa yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi nitrification.
01Dinotefuran ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso njira zogwiritsira ntchito, kuyambira mankhwala ophera tizilombo mpaka mankhwala aukhondo, kuyambira tizilombo tating'ono mpaka tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndipo ili ndi mphamvu yabwino yolamulira.
02Popeza dinotefuran ndi yabwino kusakaniza, imatha kusakanikirana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi fungicides, zomwe ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito; mitundu yake ndi yochuluka, ndipo imatha kupangidwa kukhala feteleza wa granule, chophikira mbewu chopangira mbewu, ndi chopopera mbewu chopopera.
03Mpunga umagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizilombo toyamwa ndi zomera pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amodzi ndi ziwiri zopha. Ndi wotsika mtengo ndipo udzakhala mwayi waukulu pamsika wa kukula kwa dinotefuran mtsogolo.
04Chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa njira yopewera kuuluka, dinotefuran imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popewera kuuluka. Kufalikira kwa njira yopewera kuuluka kudzapereka mwayi wosowa pamsika wa chitukuko cha mtsogolo cha dinotefuran.
05D-enantiomer ya dinotefuran imapereka mphamvu yopha tizilombo, pomwe L-enantiomer ndi poizoni kwambiri kwa njuchi za ku Italy. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo woyeretsa, dinotefuran, yomwe ndi yosamalira chilengedwe, idzadutsa m'malo mwake.
06Poganizira kwambiri za mbewu za niche, pamene mphutsi za leek ndi mphutsi za adyo zikukhala zolimbana ndi mankhwala wamba, dinotefuran yachita bwino polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa mphutsi, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito dinotefuran mu mbewu za niche kudzaperekanso misika yatsopano ndi malangizo opangira dinotefuran.
07Kusintha kotsika mtengo. Cholepheretsa chachikulu chomwe chikukhudza kukula kwa dinotefuran nthawi zonse chinali mtengo wokwera wa mankhwala oyamba komanso mtengo wokwera wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Komabe, mtengo wa dinotefuran pakadali pano uli pamlingo wotsika kwambiri m'mbiri. Chifukwa cha kutsika kwa mtengo, chiŵerengero cha mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito a dinotefuran chakhala chodziwika bwino. Tikukhulupirira kuti kusintha kwa chiŵerengero cha mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito kumapereka mwayi wambiri wokulirakulira mtsogolo mwa dinotefuran.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-21-2022