Zosintha Zaposachedwa za Topramezone

Topramezone ndiye mankhwala oyamba a mbande opangidwa ndi BASF m'minda ya chimanga, yomwe ndi inhibitor ya 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate oxidase (4-HPPD).Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwake mu 2011, dzina la "Baowei" lalembedwa ku China, ndikuphwanya chitetezo cha mankhwala ophera udzu wam'munda wa chimanga ndikukopa chidwi chamakampani.

Ubwino waukulu wa topramezone ndi chitetezo chake ku chimanga ndi mbewu zotsatila, ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya chimanga monga chimanga chokhazikika, chimanga chowawa, chimanga chotsekemera, chimanga chakumunda, ndi popcorn.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya herbicide, ntchito yaikulu, ndi kusokonezeka kwamphamvu, ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zowononga namsongole zomwe zimagonjetsedwa ndi glyphosate, triazine, acetyllactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors, ndi acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors.

Malinga ndi malipoti, m’zaka zaposachedwapa, pamene udzu wosamva m’minda ya chimanga wakhala ukuvuta kuuthetsa, phindu ndi kulamulira mphamvu za mankhwala ophera tizilombo a fodya ndi nitrate zachepa, ndipo makampani ophera tizilombo m’nyumba atcheru kwambiri ku topramezone.Ndi kutha kwa patent ya BASF ku China (nambala ya patent ZL98802797.6 ya topramezone inatha pa Januware 8, 2018), njira yokhazikitsira mankhwala oyambilira ikupita patsogolo, ndipo msika wake udzatsegulidwa pang'onopang'ono.

Mu 2014, kugulitsa kwapadziko lonse kwa topramezone kunali madola 85 miliyoni aku US, ndipo mu 2017, kugulitsa padziko lonse lapansi kudakwera mpaka kufika pa mbiri yakale ya madola 124 miliyoni aku US, zomwe zidakhala pachinayi mwa mankhwala ophera udzu a HPPD (atatu apamwamba ndi nitrosulfuron, isoxacloprid, ndi cyclosulfuron).Kuphatikiza apo, makampani monga Bayer ndi Syngenta adagwirizana kuti apange soya wololera wa HPPD, zomwe zathandiziranso kukula kwa malonda a topramezone.Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa malonda padziko lonse lapansi, misika yayikulu yogulitsa ya topramezone ili m'maiko monga United States, Germany, China, India, Indonesia, ndi Mexico.