Ntchito:
1. Kuwongolera kagayidwe kachakudya ka zomera, kuonjezera kusinthasintha ndi chitetezo cha mthupi cha mbewu.
2. Ali ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zoteteza ku matenda a antioxidants komanso zoyambitsa matenda, zomwe zingachedwetse kukalamba kwa mbewu.
3. Kulimbikitsa mphamvu ya mbewu, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ya mbewu, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ndi kulimbitsa kusunga maluwa ndi zipatso.
4. Kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi feteleza, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chlorophyll, kulimbitsa photosynthesis ya mbewu, ndikulimbitsa kukula kwa mbewu.
5. Kukweza ubwino wa mbewu ndikuwonjezera zokolola. Zingapangitse kuti mbewu za zipatso zikhale zofanana kukula, mtundu wachilengedwe, kukoma koyera, zakudya zambiri, komanso kukhwima msanga.
6. Kulimbikitsa kupirira matenda, kupirira kuzizira, kupirira chilala, kupirira kudzaza madzi, komanso kupirira mchere ndi alkali.
7. Zimathandiza bwino kukonza nthaka, kulimbikitsa mapangidwe a nthaka; kumanga mizu ya mbewu mwachangu, kulimbikitsa kusintha ndi kuyamwa kwa michere ya mizu, komanso kukulitsa kukula kwa mbewu.
8. Kuteteza matenda osiyanasiyana ofalikira m'nthaka moyenera, kukhala ndi mphamvu yoyamwa ndi kuletsa kugwira ntchito kwa mavairasi a zomera, komanso kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zoletsa komanso zoletsa matenda pa mavairasi osiyanasiyana a mosaic.
9. Chepetsani kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu yokonza, ndikuchiritsa ndi kukonza zomera zovulala.
10. Gwiritsani ntchito masiku 10-15 musanayambe kukolola, kungathandize kukulitsa nthawi yosungira, kupirira kusungidwa, komanso kupirira kunyamulidwa.
11. Mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe amateteza mkati ndi kunja, komanso amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mbewu, ndipo amatha kupititsa patsogolo kugwira ntchito bwino komanso nthawi yayitali ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Kupewa matenda:
Matenda osiyanasiyana monga matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi, matenda a wilting, late blight, powdery mildew, rice blast, matenda a myceliophthora, imvi nkhungu, ndi matenda a mosaic.
Mbewu zogwiritsidwa ntchito:
Zinthu zaulimi, ndiwo zamasamba ndi maluwa, mitengo ya zipatso ndi minda, mbewu zakumunda, ndi zina zotero.
Kugwiritsa ntchito chotsitsa cha m'nyanja pa mphesa:
1. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito chotsitsa cha m'nyanja: Thirani ufa wa chotsitsa cha m'nyanja pa chiŵerengero cha nthawi 2000 pa masamba. Izi zitha kuchitika pa gawo lililonse la kukula kwa mphesa, ndipo tikukulimbikitsani kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito kawiri kapena katatu pa gawo lililonse, ndi nthawi ya masiku 7-15.
2. Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka chotsitsa cha m’nyanja: Chotsitsa cha m’nyanja chili ndi michere yambiri monga N, P, K yomwe mphesa zimafunikira, komanso zinthu zina 40 kapena kuposerapo monga Ca, Mg, S, Fe. Chilinso ndi ma auxin achilengedwe, ma cytokinins, ma gibberellins ndi mahomoni ena a zomera, komanso zinthu zina monga alginic acid, algal polysaccharides, algal oligosaccharides, betaine, mavitamini, ndi zina zotero. Zinthu zimenezi zimatha kuswa nthaka, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu, kulimbikitsa kukana kupsinjika kwa mphesa, kulimbikitsa photosynthesis m’masamba a mphesa, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa zipatso, komanso kuwonjezera shuga wa mphesa.
3. Zotsatira za chotsitsa cha m'nyanja: Mukagwiritsa ntchito ufa wa chotsitsa cha m'nyanja, mbewu za mphesa zimakula mofanana kukula, popanda vuto la tirigu waukulu ndi waung'ono. Mphesa zimakula mwamphamvu, ndipo zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri, kukoma kwabwino, komanso matenda ochepa. Chotsitsa cha m'nyanja chingathandize kwambiri kuti mphesa ziwonekere msanga, kuwonjezera zokolola ndi ubwino wa mphesa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kungateteze bwino powdery mildew ya mphesa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-23-2025