Gibberellinndi homoni ya zomera yomwe imapezeka kwambiri mu ufumu wa zomera ndipo imagwira ntchito m'njira zambiri zamoyo monga kukula ndi chitukuko cha zomera. Ma Gibberellin amatchedwa A1 (GA1) mpaka A126 (GA126) malinga ndi dongosolo la kupezedwa. Ili ndi ntchito yolimbikitsa kumera kwa mbewu ndi kukula kwa zomera, maluwa oyambirira ndi zipatso, ndi zina zotero, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mbewu zosiyanasiyana za chakudya.
1. Ntchito ya thupi
Gibberellinndi chinthu champhamvu kwambiri komanso cholimbikitsa kukula kwa zomera. Chingathandize kutalikitsa maselo a zomera, kutalikitsa tsinde, kukula kwa masamba, kufulumizitsa kukula ndi chitukuko, kupangitsa mbewu kukula msanga, ndikuwonjezera zokolola kapena kukonza ubwino; chingalepheretse kugona, chingathandize kumera; Zipatso za mbewu; chingasinthenso kugonana ndi chiŵerengero cha zomera zina, ndikupangitsa zomera zina zazaka ziwiri kuphuka chaka chino.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito gibberellin popanga
(1) Limbikitsani kukula, kukhwima msanga ndikuwonjezera zokolola
Kuchiza ndiwo zamasamba zambiri zobiriwira ndi gibberellin kungathandize kuti kukula kukule bwino ndikuwonjezera zokolola. Celery imapopedwa ndi madzi a 30~50mg/kg pafupifupi theka la mwezi mutakolola, zokolola zimawonjezeka ndi zoposa 25%, tsinde ndi masamba ake ndi ochulukirapo, ndipo msika umakhala masiku 5~6 m'mawa.
(2) Siyani kumera kwa mbeu ndipo thandizani kumera kwa mbeuyo.
Mu greenhouse yothandizidwa ndi sitiroberi komanso kulima kothandiza pang'ono, mutaphimba ndikusunga kutentha kwa masiku atatu, ndiko kuti, pamene maluwa opitilira 30% aonekera, thirani 5 mL ya 5 ~ 10 mg/kg ya gibberellin pa chomera chilichonse, poganizira masamba a mtima, omwe angapangitse kuti inflorescence yapamwamba iphuke pasadakhale. , kuti ilimbikitse kukula ndi kukhwima msanga.
(3) Limbikitsani kukula kwa zipatso
Ndiwo za vwende ziyenera kupopedwa ndi madzi okwana 2 ~ 3mg/kg pa zipatso zazing'ono kamodzi pa nthawi ya vwende laling'ono, zomwe zingathandize kuti vwende laling'ono likule, koma musapopere masamba kuti mupewe kuchuluka kwa maluwa aamuna.
(4) Kuonjezera nthawi yosungira
Kupopera zipatso za mavwende ndi madzi okwana 2.5~3.5mg/kg musanakolole kungathandize kukulitsa nthawi yosungira. Kupopera zipatso ndi madzi okwana 50~60mg/kg nthochi isanakololedwe kumathandiza kuti nthawi yosungira zipatso ichepe. Jujube, longan ndi ma gibberellin ena amathanso kuchedwetsa kukalamba ndikuwonjezera nthawi yosungira.
(5) Sinthani chiŵerengero cha maluwa aamuna ndi aakazi kuti muwonjezere zokolola za mbewu
Pogwiritsa ntchito mzere wa nkhaka yaikazi popanga mbewu, kupopera 50-100 mg/kg ya madzi pamene mbande zili ndi masamba enieni 2-6 kungapangitse nkhaka yaikazi kukhala hermaphrodite, kudzaza mungu wonse, ndikuwonjezera zokolola za mbewu.
(6) Limbikitsani kuchotsa tsinde ndi maluwa, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mitundu yapamwamba yoberekera
Gibberellin ikhoza kuyambitsa maluwa oyambirira a ndiwo zamasamba tsiku lonse. Kupopera zomera kapena malo odumphira madzi ndi gibberellin ya 50 ~ 500mg/kg kungapangitse kaloti, kabichi, radishes, udzu winawake, kabichi wa ku China ndi mbewu zina zomwe zimamera padzuwa kwa masiku awiri. Kubzala bolt m'nyengo yochepa.
(7) Kuchepetsa poizoni wochokera ku mahomoni ena
Pambuyo poti masamba awonongeka kwambiri, chithandizo ndi yankho la 2.5-5 mg/kg chingathandize kuchepetsa poizoni wa paclobutrazol ndi chlormethalin; chithandizo ndi yankho la 2 mg/kg chingathandize kuchepetsa poizoni wa ethylene. Tomato ndi woopsa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri chinthu choletsa kugwa, chomwe chingachepetsedwe ndi 20mg/kg gibberellin.
3. Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira
Dziwani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito:
1️⃣ Tsatirani mosamala mankhwala aukadaulo, ndipo ndikofunikira kudziwa nthawi yoyenera, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, malo ogwiritsira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, ndi zina zotero;
2️⃣Mogwirizana ndi zinthu zakunja, chifukwa cha kuwala, kutentha, chinyezi, zinthu za nthaka, komanso njira zoyezera zaulimi monga kusiyanasiyana, feteleza, kuchulukana, ndi zina zotero, mankhwalawa adzakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera kukula kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi njira zoyezera zaulimi wamba;
3️⃣Musagwiritse ntchito molakwika mankhwala oletsa kukula kwa zomera. Mankhwala aliwonse oletsa kukula kwa zomera ali ndi mfundo zake zamoyo, ndipo mankhwala aliwonse ali ndi zoletsa zinazake. Musaganize kuti ngakhale mankhwala amtundu wanji agwiritsidwe ntchito, adzawonjezera kupanga ndi kuonjezera mphamvu;
4️⃣Musasakanize ndi zinthu zamchere, gibberellin ndi yosavuta kuichotsa ndikulephera ngati pali alkali. Koma ikhoza kusakanizidwa ndi feteleza wokhala ndi acidic komanso wosalowerera komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndikusakanizidwa ndi urea kuti muwonjezere zokolola;
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-12-2022