Florfenicolndi maantibayotiki ambiri, omwe amalepheretsa mabakiteriya a gram-positive ndi mabakiteriya oyipa.Choncho, minda yambiri ya nkhumba nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito florfenicol pofuna kupewa kapena kuchiza nkhumba pakakhala matenda pafupipafupi.odwala.Ogwira ntchito za ziweto m'mafamu ena a nkhumba amagwiritsa ntchito mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa florfenicol pochiza kapena kupewa matenda mosasamala kanthu za matendawa, mosasamala kanthu za gulu kapena siteji.Florfenicol si mankhwala, ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kuti ikwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.M'munsimu tikudziwitsani za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka florfenicol mwatsatanetsatane, ndikuyembekeza kukhala kothandiza kwa alimi ambiri a nkhumba:
1. Antibacterial katundu waflorfenicol
1. Imakhala ndi antibacterial yotakata kwambiri, ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu yopha mabakiteriya a gram-positive ndi mabakiteriya oipa, komanso mabakiteriya a anaerobic Gram-positive spirochetes, rickettsia, amoeba, ndi zina zotero.
2. Mayesero a in vitro ndi mu vivo amasonyeza kuti ntchito yake yolimbana ndi bakiteriya ndi yabwino kwambiri kuposa mankhwala omwe alipo panopa.
3. Kuchita mwachangu, florfenicol imatha kufikira ndende yochizira m'magazi ola la 1 mutatha jakisoni wamuscular, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumatha kufikira maola 1.5-3;okhalitsa, ogwira mtima mankhwala ndende akhoza anakhalabe kwa maola oposa 20 pambuyo makonzedwe amodzi.
4. Imatha kudutsa chotchinga chamagazi-muubongo, ndipo chithandizo chake pamankhwala amtundu wa bakiteriya wa nyama sichingafanane ndi mankhwala ena oletsa mabakiteriya.
5. Ilibe poizoni ndi zotsatira zake pamene ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chiwerengero chovomerezeka, imagonjetsa kuopsa kwa aplastic anemia ndi zina zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi thiamphenicol, ndipo sizikuvulaza nyama ndi chakudya.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi chifukwa cha mabakiteriya a nyama.Chithandizo, kuphatikizapo kupewa ndi kuchiza bakiteriya kupuma matenda, oumitsa khosi, pleurisy, mastitis, matenda m`mimba ndi postpartum syndrome mu nkhumba.
2. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda aflorfenicol
1. Matenda a nkhumba kumene florfenicol imakonda
Izi mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa monga mankhwala kusankha nkhumba chibayo, nkhumba matenda pleuropneumonia ndi Haemophilus parasuis matenda, makamaka zochizira mabakiteriya kugonjetsedwa ndi fluoroquinolones ndi mankhwala ena.
2. Florfenicol itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza matenda otsatirawa a nkhumba
Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda kupuma chifukwa zosiyanasiyana Streptococcus (chibayo), Bordetella bronchiseptica (atrophic rhinitis), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (nkhumba mphumu), etc.;salmonellosis (piglet paratyphoid), colibacillosis (piglet asthma) Matenda a m'mimba monga enteritis chifukwa cha kutsekula m'mimba kwachikasu, kutsegula m'mimba koyera, matenda a piglet edema) ndi mabakiteriya ena ovuta.Florfenicol ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a nkhumba, koma si mankhwala osankhidwa pa matenda a nkhumba, choncho ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwikaflorfenicol
1. Mlingo ndi waukulu kwambiri kapena wochepa kwambiri.Mlingo waukulu ndi wapoizoni, ndipo mlingo waung'ono ndi wosagwira ntchito.pa
2. Nthawi ndi yaitali kwambiri.Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwanthawi yayitali kwanthawi yayitali popanda kudziletsa.
3.kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, zolakwika za siteji.Nkhumba zapakati ndi zonenepa zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mosasamala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale poizoni kapena zotsalira za mankhwala, zomwe zimabweretsa kupanga ndi zakudya zopanda chitetezo.
4. Kugwirizana kosayenera.Anthu ena nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito florfenicol kuphatikiza sulfonamides ndi cephalosporins.Kaya ndi zasayansi komanso zololera ndizoyenera kuzifufuza.
5. Kudyetsa kosakanikirana sikukugwedezeka mofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa asawonongeke.
Chachinayi, kugwiritsa ntchitoflorfenicolkusamalitsa
1. Mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi macrolides, lincosamides ndi diterpenoid semi-synthetic antibiotics - Tiamulin, yomwe ingapangitse zotsatira zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi.pa
2. Izi sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndiβ- lactone amines ndi fluoroquinolones, chifukwa mankhwalawa ndi bacteriostatic yogwira ntchito kwambiri yomwe imalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni a bakiteriya, ndipo yotsirizirayi ndi bactericide yofulumira panthawi yobereka.Pansi pa zomwe kale, kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni a bakiteriya amaletsedwa mwachangu, mabakiteriya amasiya kukula ndikuchulukana, ndipo mphamvu ya bactericidal yomalizayo imafooka.Choncho, pamene chithandizo chiyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yochepetsera yofulumira, sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi.
3. Mankhwalawa sangasakanizidwe ndi sodium sulfadiazine pa jakisoni wa intramuscular.sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala amchere pamene kutumikiridwa pakamwa kapena intramuscularly, kuti kupewa kuwonongeka ndi kulephera.Komanso si oyenera mtsempha wa magazi jekeseni tetracycline hydrochloride, kanamycin, adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme A, etc., kupewa mpweya ndi kuchepa lachangu.
4. Kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi necrosis kungayambitsidwe pambuyo pa jekeseni wa intramuscular.Choncho, akhoza kubayidwa mosiyanasiyana mu minofu yakuya ya khosi ndi matako, ndipo sikoyenera kubwereza jekeseni pamalo omwewo.
5. Popeza mankhwalawa angakhale ndi embryotoxicity, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala mu nkhumba zapakati komanso zoyamwitsa.
6. Pamene kutentha kwa thupi la nkhumba zodwala kuli kwakukulu, kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi antipyretic analgesics ndi dexamethasone, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala bwino.pa
7. Popewa ndi kuchiza matenda a porcine kupuma kwa nkhumba (PRDC), anthu ena amalimbikitsa kuphatikiza florfenicol ndi amoxicillin, florfenicol ndi tylosin, ndi florfenicol ndi tylosin, zomwe sizoyenera., chifukwa kuchokera kumaganizo a pharmacological, awiriwa sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi.Komabe, florfenicol itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi tetracyclines monga doxycycline.pa
8. Izi mankhwala ali hematological kawopsedwe.Ngakhale kuti sichidzachititsa kuti fupa la m'mafupa likhale la aplastic anemia, reversible erythropoiesis inhibition chifukwa ndi lofala kwambiri kuposa chloramphenicol (wolumala).Iwo contraindicated mu katemera nthawi kapena nyama kwambiri immunodeficiency.pa
9. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kungayambitse matenda am'mimba komanso kuchepa kwa vitamini kapena zizindikiro za superinfection.pa
10. Popewa ndi kuchiza matenda a nkhumba, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa, ndipo mankhwalawa ayenera kuperekedwa motsatira mlingo woperekedwa ndi mankhwala, ndipo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kuti apewe zotsatirapo zoipa.pa
11. Kwa nyama zomwe zili ndi vuto laimpso, mlingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa kapena nthawi yoyendetsera iyenera kuwonjezeredwa.pa
12. Pakakhala kutentha kochepa, zimapezeka kuti kusungunuka kumakhala pang'onopang'ono;kapena yankho lokonzedwa limakhala ndi mvula ya florfenicol, kutentha pang'ono (osapitirira 45).℃), zonse zimatha kusungunuka mwachangu.Njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mkati mwa maola 48.pa
Ndizotetezeka kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe oyenerera a mlingo molingana ndi mawu oyambira pamwambapa ndikutchula mlingo wovomerezeka.Nyama iliyonse imatha kukhala ndi njala kwakanthawi, kuchepa kwa madzi kapena kutsekula m'mimba, kuwawa pang'ono pamalo opangira jakisoni wamtundu wa intramuscular ndi kaphatikizidwe kakang'ono ka minofu, zomwe zonse ndizabwinobwino ndipo zimabwerera mwakale mutasiya mankhwala.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-28-2022