Florfenicolndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri, omwe ali ndi mphamvu yabwino yoletsa mabakiteriya a Gram-positive ndi mabakiteriya oipa. Chifukwa chake, mafamu ambiri a nkhumba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito florfenicol popewa kapena kuchiza nkhumba ngati matenda ofala. Ogwira ntchito za ziweto m'mafamu ena a nkhumba amagwiritsa ntchito mlingo wapamwamba wa florfenicol pochiza kapena kupewa matenda mosasamala kanthu za matendawo, mosasamala kanthu za gulu kapena siteji. Florfenicol si mankhwala othana ndi matendawa, ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kuti ikwaniritse zomwe mukufuna. Pansipa tikuwonetsa tanthauzo la kugwiritsa ntchito florfenicol mwatsatanetsatane, tikuyembekeza kuti ithandiza alimi ambiri a nkhumba:
1. Mphamvu zotsutsana ndi mabakiteriya zaflorfenikol
1. Ili ndi mabakiteriya ambiri, ndipo imapha kwambiri mabakiteriya a Gram-positive ndi mabakiteriya oipa, komanso mabakiteriya a Gram-positive ndi mabakiteriya oipa a anaerobic, rickettsia, amoeba, ndi zina zotero. Mphamvu yolimba yopha mabakiteriya.
2. Kuyesera kwa in vitro ndi in vivo kukuwonetsa kuti ntchito yake yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya ndi yabwino kwambiri kuposa mankhwala oletsa mabakiteriya omwe alipo pano.
3. Florfenicol imagwira ntchito mwachangu, imatha kufika pamlingo wochiritsa m'magazi ola limodzi mutalandira jekeseni wa m'mitsempha, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumatha kufika pamlingo wapamwamba mkati mwa maola 1.5-3; kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'magazi komwe kumagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali komanso kogwira mtima kumatha kusungidwa kwa maola opitilira 20 mutalandira kamodzi.
4. Imatha kulowa m'chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo, ndipo mphamvu yake yochiritsira matenda a meningitis ya bakiteriya ya ziweto ndi yosayerekezeka ndi mankhwala ena ophera mabakiteriya.
5. Sili ndi poizoni komanso zotsatirapo zoyipa zikagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi kuchuluka komwe kumalimbikitsidwa, limathetsa chiopsezo cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso poizoni wina woyambitsidwa ndi thiamphenicol, ndipo silivulaza nyama ndi chakudya. Limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana a ziwalo za thupi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya m'zinyama. Chithandizo, kuphatikizapo kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda opuma a bakiteriya, meningitis, pleurisy, mastitis, matenda am'mimba ndi matenda obwera pambuyo pobereka mwa nkhumba.
2. Mabakiteriya omwe amakhudzidwa ndiflorfenikol
1. Matenda a nkhumba omwe florfenicol ndi yabwino kwambiri
Mankhwalawa akulangizidwa ngati mankhwala osankhidwa a chibayo cha nkhumba, pleuropneumonia yopatsirana ya nkhumba ndi matenda a Haemophilus parasuis, makamaka pochiza mabakiteriya omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi fluoroquinolones ndi maantibayotiki ena.
2. Florfenicol ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza matenda a nkhumba otsatirawa
Ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza matenda opuma omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Streptococcus (chibayo), Bordetella bronchiseptica (atrophic rhinitis), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (nthenda ya chifuwa cha nkhumba), ndi zina zotero; salmonellosis (nthenda ya nkhumba paratyphoid), colibacillosis (nthenda ya chifuwa cha nkhumba) Matenda a m'mimba monga enteritis omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutsegula m'mimba kwachikasu, kutsegula m'mimba koyera, matenda a kutupa kwa nkhumba) ndi mabakiteriya ena owopsa. Florfenicol ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a nkhumba awa, koma si mankhwala osankhidwa a matenda a nkhumba awa, choncho iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwikaflorfenikol
1. Mlingo wake ndi waukulu kwambiri kapena wochepa kwambiri. Mlingo waukulu ndi woopsa, ndipo mlingo wochepa sugwira ntchito.pa
2. nthawi ndi yayitali kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali popanda choletsa.
3. kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, zolakwika pa siteji. Nkhumba zamphongo zoyembekezera ndi zonenepetsa zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otere mosasankha, zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni kapena zotsalira za mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupanga ndi chakudya chisakhale chotetezeka.
4. Kugwirizana kosayenera. Anthu ena nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito florfenicol pamodzi ndi sulfonamides ndi cephalosporins. Kufufuza ngati ndi sayansi komanso ngati n'koyenera n'kofunika.
5. Kudyetsa kosakaniza sikusakanizidwa mofanana, zomwe sizingakhudze zotsatira za mankhwala kapena poizoni wa mankhwala.
Chachinayi, kugwiritsa ntchitoflorfenikolkusamalitsa
1. Mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi macrolides, lincosamides ndi diterpenoid semi-synthetic antibiotics - Tiamulin, yomwe ingayambitse zotsatira zotsutsana ikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi.pa
2. Chogulitsachi sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndiβ-lactone amines ndi fluoroquinolones, chifukwa mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala oletsa kupanga mapuloteni a bakiteriya mwachangu, ndipo otsirizawa ndi mankhwala oletsa kupanga mapuloteni a bakiteriya mwachangu panthawi yobereka. Pogwiritsa ntchito koyamba, kupanga mapuloteni a bakiteriya kumaletsedwa mwachangu, mabakiteriya amasiya kukula ndi kuchulukana, ndipo mphamvu ya bactericidal ya yomalizayi imachepa. Chifukwa chake, pamene chithandizocho chikufunika kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti chiteteze matenda, sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi.
3. Mankhwalawa sangasakanizidwe ndi sulfadiazine sodium pobayira m'mitsempha. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala a alkaline akaperekedwa pakamwa kapena pamitsempha, kuti apewe kuwola ndi kulephera. Sikoyeneranso kubayidwa m'mitsempha ndi tetracycline hydrochloride, kanamycin, adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme A, ndi zina zotero, kuti apewe mvula ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu.
4. Kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi kufalikira kwa minofu kungayambike pambuyo pobayidwa ndi mu mnofu. Chifukwa chake, ikhoza kubayidwa mosinthasintha m'minofu yakuya ya khosi ndi matako, ndipo sikoyenera kubwereza jakisoni pamalo omwewo.
5. Popeza mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi poizoni m'mimba, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa nkhumba zoyamwitsa ndi zoyamwitsa.
6. Pamene kutentha kwa thupi la nkhumba zodwala kuli kokwera, kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kwa thupi ndi dexamethasone, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.pa
7. Popewa ndi kuchiza matenda a porcine respiratory syndrome (PRDC), anthu ena amalimbikitsa kuphatikiza florfenicol ndi amoxicillin, florfenicol ndi tylosin, ndi florfenicol ndi tylosin, zomwe sizoyenera. , chifukwa malinga ndi malingaliro a mankhwala, ziwirizi sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi. Komabe, florfenicol ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi tetracyclines monga doxycycline.pa
8. Mankhwalawa ali ndi poizoni wa magazi. Ngakhale kuti sangayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kuletsa kwa erythropoiesis komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mankhwalawa n'kofala kwambiri kuposa chloramphenicol (yolumala). Sikoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya katemera kapena nyama zomwe zili ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kwambiri.pa
9. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse matenda am'mimba komanso kusowa kwa mavitamini kapena zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana kwambiri.pa
10. Popewa ndi kuchiza matenda a nkhumba, muyenera kusamala, ndipo mankhwalawa ayenera kuperekedwa motsatira mlingo wovomerezeka ndi njira yochizira, ndipo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kuti apewe zotsatirapo zoyipa.pa
11. Kwa nyama zomwe zili ndi vuto la impso, mlingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa kapena nthawi yoperekera iyenera kukulitsidwa.pa
12. Ngati kutentha kuli kochepa, zimapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kumakhala kochedwa; kapena yankho lokonzedwa lili ndi florfenicol, kutentha pang'ono (osapitirira 45 digiri Celsius).℃), zonse zimatha kusungunuka mwachangu. Yankho lokonzedwa liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa maola 48.pa
Ndikotetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito fomu yoyenera ya mlingo malinga ndi chiyambi chomwe chili pamwambapa ndikuwona mlingo woyenera. Nyama iliyonse ikhoza kusowa chilakolako kwakanthawi, kuchepetsa kumwa madzi kapena kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka pang'ono pamalo obayira jakisoni wa mu mnofu komanso kusokonezeka pang'ono kwa minofu, zomwe zonse zimakhala bwino ndipo zimabwerera mwakale mutasiya kumwa mankhwalawa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Mar-28-2022