(Kupatulapo Mankhwala Ophera Tizilombo, July 8, 2024) Chonde perekani ndemanga pofika Lachitatu, July 31, 2024. Acephalte ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali m’banja la organophosphate (OP) oopsa kwambiri ndipo ndi oopsa kwambiri moti bungwe loteteza zachilengedwe lati aletse izi kupatulapo kasamalidwe mwadongosolo kumitengo.Nthawi ya ndemanga tsopano yatsegulidwa, ndipo EPA ivomereza ndemanga mpaka Lachitatu, July 31, kutsatira kuwonjezereka kwa tsiku lomaliza la July.Pankhani yotsalira iyi, EPA sichidziwa kuti systemic neonicotinoidmankhwala ophera tizilomboZingathe kuwononga chilengedwe mwakupha mwachisawawa zamoyo.
>> Tumizani ndemanga za acephate ndikuwuza EPA kuti mankhwala ophera tizilombo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbewu zitha kupangidwa mwachilengedwe.
EPA ikufuna kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito acephate, kupatula jekeseni wamtengo, kuti athetse ziwopsezo zonse zomwe zazindikira zomwe zimapitilira kukhudzidwa kwake ndi chakudya/madzi akumwa, zoopsa zapanyumba ndi zantchito, komanso zoopsa zomwe sizingachitike.zoopsa.Beyond Pesticides adanenanso kuti ngakhale njira ya jakisoni wamtengo siimayambitsa kuopsa kwazakudya kapena kuopsa kwa thanzi, komanso sikuyika chiwopsezo chantchito kapena thanzi la anthu pambuyo pogwiritsidwa ntchito, bungweli limanyalanyaza zoopsa za chilengedwe.Bungweli silimayesa kuopsa kwa chilengedwe pogwiritsira ntchito jekeseni wamtengo, koma m'malo mwake likuganiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kumeneku sikuika chiopsezo chachikulu kwa zamoyo zomwe sizili zolinga.Mosiyana ndi izi, kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wamitengo kumabweretsa chiwopsezo chachikulu kwa oteteza mungu ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame zomwe sizingachepetsedwe motero ziyenera kuphatikizidwa pakuchotsa acephate.
Akabayidwa m'mitengo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amabayidwa mwachindunji mu thunthu, amatengeka mwamsanga ndikugawidwa m'mitsempha yonse.Chifukwa acephate ndi mankhwala ake owonongeka a methamidophos ndi mankhwala osungunuka kwambiri, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kumadera onse a mtengo, kuphatikizapo mungu, utomoni, utomoni, masamba ndi zina.Njuchi ndi mbalame zina monga hummingbirds, nkhuni, sapsuckers, mipesa, nuthatches, chickadees, ndi zina zotero zikhoza kuwonetseredwa ndi zinyalala za mitengo yomwe idabayidwa ndi acephate.Njuchi poyera osati potolera zakhudzana mungu, komanso pamene kutolera kuyamwa ndi utomoni ntchito kupanga mng'oma zofunika phula.Momwemonso, mbalame zimatha kukumana ndi zotsalira za acephate/metamidophos zikamadya utosi wamtengo woipitsidwa, tizilombo toboola nkhuni, mphutsi, ndi tizilombo tamasamba.
Ngakhale kuti deta ili yochepa, bungwe la US Environmental Protection Agency latsimikiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito acephalte kungayambitse njuchi.Komabe, wathunthu ya pollinator maphunziro pa acephate kapena methamidophos alibe lipoti, kotero palibe deta pachimake m`kamwa, aakulu wamkulu, kapena mphutsi kawopsedwe uchi njuchi;Mipata ya datayi ikuwonetsa kusatsimikizika kwakukulu pakuwunika zotsatira za acephate pa ma pollinators, chifukwa chiwopsezo chimasiyana malinga ndi nthawi ya moyo komanso nthawi yowonekera (akuluakulu motsutsana ndi mphutsi komanso pachimake motsutsana ndi osatha, motsatana).Zochitika zoyipa zomwe zimakhala ndi chifukwa chotheka komanso chotheka, kuphatikiza kufa kwa njuchi, zakhala zikugwirizana ndi njuchi ku acephate ndi/kapena methamidophos.Ndizomveka kuganiza kuti kubaya acephate mumitengo sikuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha njuchi poyerekeza ndi mankhwala a foliar, koma kumatha kuwonjezera kuwonetseredwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa jekeseni mumtengo, potero kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kawopsedwe.Bungweli lidapereka chiwopsezo cha kuopsa kwa ma pollinator pa jakisoni wamitengo yomwe idati, "Zogulitsazi ndizowopsa ku njuchi.Mawu olembedwawa siwokwanira kuteteza njuchi ndi zamoyo zina kapena kusonyeza kuopsa kwa ngoziyo.”
Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito acetate ndi njira zojambulira mitengo sikunawunikidwe mokwanira pazamoyo zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha.Asanamalize ndemanga yake ya kalembera wa acephate, EPA iyenera kumaliza kuwunika kwa mitundu yomwe yatchulidwa komanso kukambirana kulikonse kofunikira ndi US Fish and Wildlife Service ndi National Marine Fisheries Service, makamaka pagulu la mbalame ndi tizilombo komanso mitundu iyi ya mbalame ndi tizilombo. .gwiritsani ntchito mitengo yobadwira jekeseni posakasaka, kupezerapo chakudya ndi kumanga zisa.
Mu 2015, bungweli linamaliza kuwunikira mwatsatanetsatane za endocrine disruptor acephates ndipo linanena kuti palibe deta yowonjezereka yomwe imayenera kuwunika zotsatira za estrogen, androgen, kapena chithokomiro mwa anthu kapena nyama zakutchire.Komabe, zomwe zaposachedwapa zikusonyeza kuti endocrine kusokoneza mphamvu ya acephate ndi kuwonongeka kwake kwa methamidophos kupyolera mu njira zopanda receptor-mediated kungakhale kodetsa nkhawa, choncho EPA iyenera kusinthira kuwunika kwake kwa endocrine kusokoneza chiopsezo cha acephate.
Kuonjezera apo, pakuwunika kwake, bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency linanena kuti phindu la jakisoni wa acetate poyang'anira tizirombo tamitengo nthawi zambiri ndi laling'ono chifukwa pali njira zingapo zothandizira tizilombo towononga.Choncho, chiopsezo chachikulu cha njuchi ndi mbalame zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchitira mitengo ndi acephalte sizolondola chifukwa cha chiopsezo chopindula.
> Lembani ndemanga pa acephate ndipo muwuze EPA kuti ngati mbewu zingabzalidwe ndi organic, mankhwala ophera tizilombo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngakhale kuti anaika patsogolo kuunika kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate, bungwe la EPA lalephera kuchitapo kanthu kuti liteteze anthu amene ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatirapo zake za neurotoxic—alimi ndi ana.Mu 2021, Earthjustice ndi mabungwe ena adapempha bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency kuti lichotse kalembera mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Chaka chino, Consumer Reports (CR) adachita kafukufuku wokwanira kwambiri wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amapangidwa, kupeza kuti kukhudzana ndi magulu awiri akuluakulu a mankhwala-organophosphates ndi carbamates-ndikoopsa kwambiri, komanso kumakhudzana ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa, shuga ndi matenda a mtima.matenda.Kutengera zomwe zapezedwazi, CR idapempha Environmental Protection Agency kuti "iletse kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pazipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba."
Kuphatikiza pa nkhani zomwe zili pamwambazi, EPA sinathetse kusokonezeka kwa endocrine.EPA sichiganiziranso za anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, kukhudzana ndi zosakaniza, komanso kuyanjana kogwirizana pokhazikitsa milingo yovomerezeka yotsalira yazakudya.Komanso, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amawononga madzi ndi mpweya wathu, amawononga zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, amawononga ogwira ntchito m’mafamu, amapha njuchi, mbalame, nsomba ndi nyama zina zakutchire.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti USDA-certified organic foods sagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo popanga.Zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo zomwe zimapezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe, kupatulapo zochepa, ndizomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwaulimi komwe sikunakhazikitsidwe chifukwa cha kutengeka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuipitsidwa ndi madzi, kapena zotsalira zam'nthaka.Sikuti kupanga chakudya cha organic ndikwabwino kwa thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe kuposa kupanga mozama kwambiri, sayansi yaposachedwa ikuwululanso zomwe ochirikiza organic akhala akunena kwanthawi yayitali: chakudya cha organic ndi chabwino, kuwonjezera pa kukhala mulibe zotsalira zapoizoni kuchokera ku chakudya wamba. mankhwala.Ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndipo sichiwononga anthu kapena kuipitsa madera omwe amalimako chakudya.“
Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ndi The Organic Center akuwonetsa kuti zakudya zamafuta zimakwera kwambiri m'malo ena ofunikira, monga kuchuluka kwa antioxidant mphamvu, ma polyphenols onse, ndi ma flavonoids awiri ofunikira, quercetin ndi kaempferol, zonse zomwe zili ndi thanzi.Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry idawunikiranso kuchuluka kwa phenolic mu blueberries, sitiroberi, ndi chimanga ndipo idapeza kuti zakudya zomwe zimabzalidwa ndi organic zimakhala ndi ma phenolic ambiri.Mankhwala a phenolic ndi ofunikira pa thanzi la zomera (chitetezo ku tizilombo ndi matenda) komanso thanzi laumunthu chifukwa ali ndi "antioxidant yamphamvu komanso mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo anticancer, antioxidant, ndi platelet aggregation inhibitory".
Poganizira ubwino wa kupanga organic, EPA iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kupanga organic ngati muyeso poyesa kuopsa ndi ubwino wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Ngati mbewu zingabzalidwe mwachilengedwe, musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.“
>> Lembani ndemanga pa acephate ndipo muuze EPA kuti ngati mbewuyo ingabzalidwe mwachilengedwe, mankhwala ophera tizilombo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Izi zidatumizidwa Lolemba, Julayi 8, 2024 nthawi ya 12:01 pm ndipo zidasungidwa pansi pa Acephate, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Take Action, Uncategorized.Mutha kutsata mayankho pazolembazi kudzera pa RSS 2.0 feed.Mutha kulumpha mpaka kumapeto ndikusiya yankho.Ping sikuloledwa pakadali pano.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-15-2024