Mphamvu ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo motsutsana ndi udzudzu imatha kusiyana kwambiri nthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku, komanso pakati pa usana ndi usiku. Kafukufuku wa ku Florida adapeza kuti udzudzu wakuthengo wa Aedes aegypti womwe sulimbana ndi permethrin ndi womwe umakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo pakati pa usiku ndi kutuluka kwa dzuwa. Kenako kukana kunakula tsiku lonse, pamene udzudzu unali kugwira ntchito kwambiri, ndipo unayamba kufalikira madzulo ndi theka loyamba la usiku.
Zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi ofufuza ku University of Florida (UF) zili ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pakuletsa tizilomboakatswiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo moyenera, kusunga ndalama, komanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwawo ndi chilengedwe. "Tapeza kuti kuchuluka kwakukulu kwapermethrin"Zinali zofunika kupha udzudzu nthawi ya 6 koloko madzulo ndi 10 koloko madzulo. Deta iyi ikusonyeza kuti permethrin ikhoza kukhala yothandiza kwambiri ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pausiku ndi m'mawa (6 koloko m'mawa) kuposa madzulo (pafupifupi 6 koloko madzulo)," adatero Lt. Sierra Schloop, wolemba nawo kafukufukuyu. Kafukufukuyu adasindikizidwa mu Journal of Medical Entomology mu February. Schloop, mkulu wa za tizilombo ku UF Naval Sealift Command, ndi wophunzira digiri ya udokotala mu za tizilombo ku University of Florida pamodzi ndi Eva Buckner, Ph.D., wolemba wamkulu wa kafukufukuyu.
Zingawoneke ngati zanzeru kuti nthawi yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera udzudzu ndi pamene amatha kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, ndi kuluma, koma sizili choncho nthawi zonse, makamaka mu kuyesa kwa permethrin, imodzi mwa mankhwala awiri ophera udzudzu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku United States, omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kafukufukuyu. Udzudzu wa Aedes aegypti umaluma makamaka masana, m'nyumba ndi panja, ndipo umagwira ntchito kwambiri pafupifupi maola awiri dzuwa litatuluka komanso maola angapo dzuwa lisanalowe. Kuwala kopangidwa kumatha kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe ungakhale mumdima.
Udzudzu wa Aedes aegypti (womwe umadziwika kuti udzudzu wa yellow fever) umapezeka m'makontinenti onse kupatula Antarctica ndipo ndi womwe umayambitsa mavairasi omwe amayambitsa chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, ndi Zika. Wagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufalikira kwa matenda angapo ofala ku Florida.
Komabe, Schluep adanenanso kuti zomwe zili zoona pa mtundu umodzi wa udzudzu ku Florida sizingakhale zoona m'madera ena. Zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga malo, zingayambitse zotsatira za majini a udzudzu winawake kusiyana ndi za ku Chihuahua ndi Great Danes. Chifukwa chake, adagogomezera kuti zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu zimagwira ntchito pa udzudzu wa yellow fever ku Florida kokha.
Komabe, pali chenjezo limodzi, iye anatero. Zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufukuyu zitha kufotokozedwa kuti zitithandize kumvetsetsa bwino mitundu ina ya zamoyozi.
Kafukufuku wofunikira wasonyeza kuti majini ena omwe amapanga ma enzyme omwe amagaya ndi kuyeretsa permethrin nawonso amakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu ya kuwala mkati mwa maola 24. Kafukufukuyu adayang'ana kwambiri majini asanu okha, koma zotsatira zake zitha kufotokozedwa kuchokera ku majini ena omwe si a kafukufukuyu.
"Popeza tikudziwa za njira zimenezi komanso za udzudzu, n'zomveka kupititsa patsogolo lingaliro ili kupitirira majini amenewa ndi anthu akuthengo awa," anatero Schluep.
Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka majini amenewa kamayamba kuwonjezeka pambuyo pa 2 koloko masana ndipo kamafika pachimake mumdima pakati pa 6 koloko masana ndi 2 koloko m'mawa Schlup akunena kuti mwa majini ambiri omwe akhudzidwa ndi njirayi, asanu okha ndi omwe aphunziridwa. Iye akuti izi zitha kukhala chifukwa majini amenewa akamagwira ntchito molimbika, kuchotsa poizoni m'thupi kumawonjezeka. Ma enzyme amatha kusungidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pambuyo poti kupanga kwawo kwachepa.
"Kumvetsetsa bwino kusiyana kwa kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo tsiku lililonse komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ma enzyme ochotsa poizoni m'thupi mu Aedes aegypti kungathandize kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo nthawi yomwe chiopsezo cha poizoni chimakhala chachikulu komanso ntchito ya ma enzyme ochotsa poizoni m'thupi imakhala yotsika kwambiri," adatero.
"Kusintha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa permethrin sensitivity ndi kagayidwe ka majini mu Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) ku Florida"
Ed Ricciuti ndi mtolankhani, wolemba, komanso katswiri wa zachilengedwe yemwe wakhala akulemba kwa zaka zoposa makumi asanu. Buku lake laposachedwa ndi Backyard Bears: Big Animals, Suburban Sprawl, and the New Urban Jungle (Countryman Press, June 2014). Mapazi ake ali padziko lonse lapansi. Amadziwa bwino za chilengedwe, sayansi, kusungirako zachilengedwe, komanso malamulo. Kale anali woyang'anira ku New York Zoological Society ndipo tsopano amagwira ntchito ku Wildlife Conservation Society. Mwina ndiye munthu yekhayo pa 57th Street ku Manhattan amene analumidwa ndi coati.
Udzudzu wa Aedes scapularis unapezeka kamodzi kokha, mu 1945 ku Florida. Komabe, kafukufuku watsopano wa zitsanzo za udzudzu zomwe zinasonkhanitsidwa mu 2020 adapeza kuti udzudzu wa Aedes scapularis tsopano wakhazikika m'maboma a Miami-Dade ndi Broward ku Florida. [Werengani zambiri]
Nsomba zokhala ndi mutu wa cone-headed zimachokera ku Central ndi South America ndipo zimapezeka m'malo awiri okha ku United States: Dania Beach ndi Pompano Beach, Florida. Kusanthula kwatsopano kwa majini a mitundu iwiriyi kukusonyeza kuti zinachokera ku kuukira komweko. [Werengani zambiri]
Pambuyo pakupeza kuti udzudzu ukhoza kusuntha mtunda wautali pogwiritsa ntchito mphepo yamkuntho yochokera kumapiri, kafukufuku wina akukulitsa mitundu ndi mitundu ya udzudzu womwe umagwira ntchito yosamukira kumadera otere - zinthu zomwe zikutsimikizira kuti zipangitsa kuti ntchito yoletsa kufalikira kwa malungo ndi matenda ena ofalitsidwa ndi udzudzu ku Africa ikhale yovuta. [Werengani zambiri]
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-26-2025