Spinosad for Natural Pest Control | Nkhani, Masewera, Ntchito

Tinali ndi mvula yamphamvu mu June chaka chino, zomwe zinachedwetsa kupanga udzu ndi kubzala. Kutsogoloku kudzakhala chilala, chomwe chidzatipangitsa kukhala otanganidwa m’munda ndi m’mafamu.
Kusamalira tizilombo ndi kofunika kwambiri pakupanga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera tizirombo ndi matenda mosalekeza, kuphatikiza kupanga mitundu yolimbana ndi matenda, kuthira mbewu zamadzi otentha, kasinthasintha wa mbewu, kusamalira madzi, ndi kutchera mbewu.
Njira zina zikuphatikizapo kulamulira kwachilengedwe ndi zachilengedwe, njira zaukhondo, machitidwe ndi chikhalidwe, malire a zochita, zipangizo zosankhidwa ndi kukana. Pomaliza, timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo mosankha komanso mosamala polimbana ndi tizirombo tovuta kuwongolera.
Chikumbu cha mbatata cha Colorado chayamba kukana mankhwala ophera tizirombo olembetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala imodzi mwa tizirombo tovuta kwambiri kuwongolera. Mphutsi zonse ndi zazikulu zimadya masamba a zomera, zomwe zingapangitse kuti masamba awonongeke kwambiri ngati sanasamalidwe. Zikamera kwambiri, kafadala amathanso kudya zipatso zapamtunda.
Njira yachikhalidwe yothanirana ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo a neonicotinoid (kuphatikiza imidacloprid) ku mbewu. Komabe, mphamvu ya mankhwalawa ikuchepa m'madera ena a United States chifukwa cha chitukuko cha kukana.
Colorado mbatata kafadala amatha kuwongolera bwino m'mabzala ang'onoang'ono powachotsa ndi manja nthawi zonse. Mphutsi ndi akuluakulu akhoza kulekanitsidwa ndi kuikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi ndi madontho ochepa a madzi ochapira mbale. Madziwo amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timire m'malo mothawa.
Olima wamaluwa akufunafuna njira yotetezeka, yothandiza yomwe siyisiya zotsalira zamankhwala oopsa. Ndikafufuza mmene kachilomboka kangawonongere tizilombo, ndinapezamo zinthu zingapo zomwe zili ndi spinosad, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ophera tizilombo a Colorado Potato Beetle Insecticide. Zina zomwe zili ndi spinosad ndi monga Entrust, Captain Jack's Deadbug Brew, Conserve, Monterey Garden Insect Spray, ndi zina zambiri.
Zogulitsa zomwe zili ndi spinosad ndi njira yachilengedwe yothana ndi tizirombo m'minda komanso olima masamba ndi zipatso. Ndiwothandiza polimbana ndi tizirombo tambirimbiri totafuna monga thrips, kafadala ndi mbozi, komanso imateteza tizilombo tambiri topindulitsa.
Zimawononganso kwambiri zachilengedwe zikakumana ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zothandiza kwambiri kwa alimi omwe akukumana ndi zovuta zolimbana ndi tizilombo.
Spinosad ndi mankhwala a minyewa komanso poizoni wa m'mimba, motero imapha tizirombo tomwe timakumana nayo komanso zomwe zimadya masamba ake. Spinosad ili ndi njira yapadera yochitira zinthu yomwe imathandiza kupewa kutsutsana ndi organophosphates ndi carbamates, omwe ndi acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
Osagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito katatu kokha masiku 30. Pofuna kuthana ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata, ndi bwino kupopera masana, ngati n'kotheka padzuwa.
Spinozad imalimbana ndi tizilombo totafuna ndipo iyenera kulowetsedwa ndi tizilombo. Choncho sichitha kupha tizirombo tobaya komanso osafuna kutsata. Spinozad imachita mwachangu. Tizilombo timafa mkati mwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri kuchokera pamene chinthu chogwira chimalowa m'thupi.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi za mankhwala ophera tizirombo ndi mphamvu yawo popha tizilombo tosamva mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena zovuta kwambiri kupha, monga Colorado potato beetle, fall armyworm, cabbage moth, ndi corn borer.
Spinosad ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira kuthana ndi tizirombo pa mbewu zofunika monga tomato, tsabola, biringanya, kugwiriridwa kwamafuta ndi masamba obiriwira. Olima amatha kuphatikiza spinosad ndi tizirombo tina tachilengedwe monga Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) kuti athe kuthana ndi tizirombo tosiyanasiyana.
Izi zidzathandiza kuti tizilombo topindulitsa kwambiri tipulumuke ndipo potsirizira pake tichepetse kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mu chimanga chotsekemera, spinosad imagwira ntchito polimbana ndi mbozi za chimanga ndi mphutsi. Ithanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa borer za chimanga popanda kuwononga chilengedwe.