Ofufuza ochokera ku Dipatimenti ya Biochemistry ku Indian Institute of Sciences (IISc) apeza njira yomwe yakhala ikufunidwa kwa nthawi yayitali yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera zakale monga bryophytes (kuphatikizapo mosses ndi liverworts) kutikuwongolera kukula kwa zomera- njira yomwe yasungidwanso m'zomera zamaluwa zomwe zasintha posachedwapa.
Kafukufukuyu, wofalitsidwa mu magazini ya Nature Chemical Biology, akuyang'ana kwambiri pa malamulo osazolowereka a puloteni ya DELLA, yomwe ndi njira yowongolera kukula kwa maselo yomwe ingalepheretse kugawikana kwa maselo m'zomera za m'mimba (zomera za m'nthaka).
"DELLA imagwira ntchito ngati speed bump, koma ngati speed bump iyi ikupezeka nthawi zonse, chomeracho sichingasunthe," akutero Debabrata Laha, pulofesa wothandizira wa biochemistry komanso wolemba nawo kafukufukuyu. Chifukwa chake, kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni a DELLA ndikofunikira kwambiri pakulimbikitsa kukula kwa zomera. Mu zomera zotulutsa maluwa, DELLA imawonongeka pamene phytohormone imagwira ntchito.gibberellin (GA)Imalumikizana ndi cholandirira chake cha GID1, ndikupanga GA-GID1-DELLA complex. Pambuyo pake, puloteni yoletsa ya DELLA imalumikizana ndi unyolo wa ubiquitin ndipo imawonongeka ndi 26S proteasome.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, bryophytes anali pakati pa zomera zoyamba kukhala m'malo okhala, pafupifupi zaka 500 miliyoni zapitazo. Ngakhale kuti amapanga phytohormone gibberellin (GA), alibe cholandirira cha GID1. Izi zikubweretsa funso lakuti: kodi kukula ndi chitukuko cha zomera zoyambirira za m'malo amenewa chinayendetsedwa bwanji?
Ofufuzawa adagwiritsa ntchito njira ya CRISPR-Cas9 kuti athetse jini yofanana ya VIH, motero kutsimikizira ntchito ya VIH. Zomera zopanda enzyme yogwira ntchito ya VIH zimawonetsa zolakwika zazikulu pakukula ndi chitukuko komanso zolakwika za kapangidwe ka thupi, monga thallus yopyapyala, kukula kolakwika kwa radial, komanso kusowa kwa calyx. Zolakwika izi zidakonzedwa mwa kusintha genome ya chomera kuti ipange mbali imodzi yokha (N-terminus) ya enzyme ya VIH. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba za chromatography, gulu lofufuzali linapeza kuti N-terminus ili ndi gawo la kinase lomwe limayambitsa kupanga InsP₈.
Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti DELLA ndi imodzi mwa zolinga za maselo a VIH kinase. Kuphatikiza apo, adawona kuti mawonekedwe a zomera zopanda MpVIH anali ofanana ndi a zomera za Miscanthus multiforme zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ambiri a DELLA.
"Pakadali pano, tikufunitsitsa kudziwa ngati kukhazikika kapena ntchito ya DELLA ikuwonjezeka m'zomera zopanda MpVIH," adatero Priyanshi Rana, wophunzira digiri ya udokotala mu gulu lofufuza la Lahey komanso wolemba woyamba wa pepalali. Mogwirizana ndi lingaliro lawo, ofufuzawo adapeza kuti kuletsa kwa DELLA kunabwezeretsa kwambiri zolakwika za kukula ndi chitukuko m'zomera zosinthika za MpVIH. Zomwe zapezekazi zikusonyeza kuti VIH kinase imalamulira molakwika DELLA, motero imalimbikitsa kukula ndi chitukuko cha zomera.
Ofufuzawa adaphatikiza njira za majini, zamankhwala, ndi zamoyo kuti afotokoze njira yomwe inositol pyrophosphate imayendetsera puloteni ya DELLA mu bryophyte iyi. Makamaka, InsP₈, yopangidwa ndi MpVIH, imagwirizana ndi puloteni ya MpDELLA, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti polyubiquitination yake iwonongeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti puloteni yoletsa iyi iwonongeke ndi proteasome.
Kafukufuku wokhudza puloteni ya DELLA unayamba nthawi ya Green Revolution, pomwe asayansi mosadziwa adagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake popanga mitundu ya semi-dwarf yobala zipatso zambiri. Ngakhale kuti njira yake yogwirira ntchito sinali yodziwika panthawiyo, ukadaulo wamakono wathandiza asayansi kugwiritsa ntchito kusintha majini kuti asinthe momwe puloteni iyi imagwirira ntchito, motero kuonjezera zokolola za mbewu.
"Pamene chiwerengero cha anthu chikukwera komanso nthaka yolima ikuchepa, kuchulukitsa kwa zokolola kwakhala kofunikira kwambiri," adatero Raha. Popeza kuwonongeka kwa DELLA komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi InsP₈ kungachitike m'zomera zomwe zili m'matumbuwa, kupezeka kumeneku kungathandize kuti pakhale mbewu zobala zipatso zambiri za m'badwo wotsatira.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-31-2025