Alimi a mbewu za rape akulangizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera kukula kwa zomera pa mbewu zomwe zimakula mofulumira.

Alimi a canola akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera kukula kwa zomera (PGRs) ku mbewu za canola zomwe zimakula mwachangu kuti awonjezere zokolola komanso kukhazikika kwa zomera.
M'dzinja lino, zomera zimasiyana osati kukula kokha, komanso magawo a chitukuko: kuyambira zomera zomwe zili ndi masamba asanu ndi limodzi enieni mpaka zomera zomwe zili ndi ma cotyledon okha.
Chifukwa chake, kasamalidwe kadzakhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo kadzafunika njira yolunjika ku malo enaake,” anatero Nigel Scott, woyang'anira zaukadaulo wachigawo ku Procam.
Ngakhale alimi sanafune kuyika ndalama, ena sanakolole zambiri chilimwe chatha chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ndalama komanso zokolola zochepa nyengo yapitayo.
Nanga n’chifukwa chiyani akatswiri a zaulimi amanena kuti zokolola sizikufanana? Poganizira zaka khumi zapitazi, Nigel akunena kuti nthawi yobzala mbewu ndi sabata lachitatu la mwezi wa Ogasiti.
Komabe, chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a kabichi, masiku obzala mbewu adasunthidwa msanga kapena kuchedwetsedwa kuti apewe vuto lomwe mbewuyo ili mu gawo la cotyledon pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akuluakulu timaonekera kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.
Chaka chino, kufesa mbewu kunamalizidwa kale m'malo ena. Analoza ku chigawo chake, Durham, komwe, monga madera ena a England, kukolola kunamalizidwa pasadakhale.
Zomera zomwe zili ndi madzi zimakula mofulumira. Komabe, m'madera omwe madzi sapezeka kapena nthaka youma, nthawi yomera imawonjezeka.
Motero, kukula kwa mbewu kumasiyana malinga ndi kupezeka kwa madzi; mbewu zina zimamera masamba enieni anayi, asanu, kapena asanu ndi limodzi, pomwe zina zimamera ma cotyledon okha.
Mitengo yomaliza yomwe idabzalidwa pambuyo pa kusamuka kwa Seputembala mpaka pano yatulutsa tsamba limodzi lokha lenileni. Chodetsa nkhawa ndichakuti Nigel wayamba kuzindikira tizilombo tambiri tachikulire.
"Chifukwa chake, ngakhale m'munda womwewo, tinaona zomera pa magawo atatu osiyana a kukula."
Pa mbewu zomwe zimacha msanga, alimi ake akukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera kukula kwa zomera—chinthu chomwe sanachitepo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Iye adati alimi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera kukula kwa zomera (PGRs) tsopano kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri asanafike nthawi yomaliza.
Ndibwino kuti feteleza uyu agwiritsidwe ntchito pamene chomera chili ndi masamba enieni anayi kapena asanu ndi limodzi (pakati pa Okutobala). Oyang'anira kukula kwa zomera amatha kuletsa kukula kwa ziwalo zomwe zili pamwamba pa nthaka ndikulimbikitsa mizu (onani chithunzi).
Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti petiole ikakhala yayitali, chiopsezo cha matendawa chimachepetsa kufalikira ku tsinde ndikuyambitsa zilonda.
"Vutoli limapezeka kawirikawiri m'minda yaying'ono yomwe yapatsidwa mankhwala ophera fungicides monga difenoconazole."
Pomaliza, adalangiza kuti pakhale feteleza m'mbewu zomwe zikukula pang'onopang'ono chifukwa kutentha kwa nthaka kudzachepa ndipo zidzafunika kusonkhanitsa biomass pokonzekera nyengo yozizira.
"Ngakhale mbewu zokhwima zimafuna michere ina, makamaka manganese ndi boron, kuti zibereke zipatso zambiri."
Chimodzi mwa zovuta zazikulu zomwe zikuchitika nthawi ino ya autumn ndi kudziwa nthawi yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito clethodim polimbana ndi udzu, chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu zomwe zimalimidwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo nthawi yake n’kovuta chifukwa kungawononge madera akuluakulu a mbewu. “Chifukwa chake, alimi ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala,” anatero Nigel.
Iye akunenanso kuti kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni wotsala m'nthaka chifukwa cha chilala cha chilimwe kunalimbikitsa kukula kwa zomera. Kukwera kwa kutentha kwa nthaka kumatanthauzanso kuwonjezeka kwa mchere.
"Buckwheat imakula kwambiri kuposa rapeseed, ndipo chifukwa cha mpikisano pakati pa mbewu, imachotsanso rapeseed m'malo mwake. Popanda buckwheat, rapeseed siingakule kwambiri."