PermaNet Dual, ukonde watsopano wa deltamethrin-clofenac hybrid, ukuwonetsa kuti umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri polimbana ndi udzudzu wa Anopheles gambiae womwe sungathe kugwidwa ndi pyrethroid kum'mwera kwa Benin.

Mu mayeso ku Africa, maukonde ogona opangidwa ndiPYRETHROIDndiFIPRONILzawonetsa kusintha kwa zotsatira za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso matenda. Izi zapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwakukulu kwa maphunziro atsopanowa pa intaneti m'maiko omwe malungo afalikira. PermaNet Dual ndi deltamethrin yatsopano ndi clofenac mesh yopangidwa ndi Vestergaard Sàrl kuti ipereke mphamvu zowonjezera pamapulogalamu oletsa malungo. Tinachita mayeso oyeserera a cockpit kuti tiwone momwe PermaNet Dual imagwirira ntchito motsutsana ndi udzudzu wa Anopheles gambiae wakuthengo, wosagwirizana ndi pyrethroid ku Cove, Benin. PermaNet Dual idayambitsa kufa kwa udzudzu kwambiri ngati sikutsukidwa poyerekeza ndi maukonde okhala ndi pyrethroid yokha ndi maukonde okhala ndi pyrethroid ndi PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (77% ya PermaNet Dual, 23% ya PermaNet 2.0 ndi 23% ya PermaNet 3.0) 56% p < 0.001) patatha zaka 20. Kusamba kokhazikika (75% ya PermaNet Dual, 14% ya PermaNet 2.0, 30% ya PermaNet 3.0, p < 0.001). Pogwiritsa ntchito malire apakati osatsika omwe adafotokozedwa ndi World Health Organization, PermaNet Dual sinali yotsika kwambiri pakufa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi pyrethroid-clofenazoline, zomwe zidawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa thanzi la anthu (Interceptor G2) (79% vs 76). %, OR = 0.878, 95% CI 0.719–1.073), koma osati kuteteza magazi (35% vs. 26%, OR = 1.424, 95% CI 1.177–1.723). PermaNet Dual ndi njira yowonjezera yogwiritsira ntchito ukonde wothandiza kwambiri uwu kuti uthandize kuwongolera malungo omwe amafalitsidwa ndi udzudzu wosagonjetsedwa ndi pyrethroid.
Maukonde oteteza ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (ITNs) ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popewera malungo. Awonetsedwa mobwerezabwereza kuti amachepetsa matenda a malungo ndi imfa m'mayesero ndi mapulogalamu ndipo apereka gawo lalikulu kwambiri kuposa njira ina iliyonse yaposachedwa yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa malungo. Komabe, kudalira kwawo gulu limodzi la mankhwala ophera tizilombo (pyrethroids) kumapereka mphamvu yosankha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufalikira kwa kukana kwa pyrethroid m'ma vectors a malungo kufalikira. Pakati pa 2010 ndi 2020, kukana kwa pyrethroid kunapezeka m'mitundu imodzi ya vectors m'maiko 88% omwe ali ndi malungo. Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti maukonde oteteza ku tizilombo amateteza ku malungo ngakhale kuti sakulimbana ndi matendawa, pali umboni wamphamvu wakuti udzudzu womwe umapezeka ku maukonde oteteza ku pyrethroid wakula bwino komanso umathandiza kuti munthu apulumuke komanso kuti adye. Popeza ndi wofunika kwambiri popewera ndi kuwongolera malungo, kuchepetsa kulikonse komwe kumagwira ntchito bwino kwa maukonde ophera tizilombo kungayambitse kubwereranso kwa matenda ndi imfa.
Poyankha chiwopsezochi, maukonde ogona omwe amathiridwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe amaphatikiza pyrethroid ndi mankhwala ena, apangidwa kuti abwezeretse mphamvu ya mavairasi olimbana ndi pyrethroid. Mtundu watsopano woyamba wa ITN umaphatikiza pyrethroid ndiPIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (PBO), mgwirizano womwe umawonjezera mphamvu ya ma pyrethroids mwa kuchepetsa ma enzyme ochotsa poizoni omwe amagwirizana ndi kukana kwa pyrethroid10. M'nyumba zoyesera ndi mayeso olamulidwa mwachisawawa (cRCT) ma ITN okhala ndi ma pyrethroids ndi PBO awonetsa ubwino wapamwamba wa tizilombo poyerekeza ndi ma ITN okhala ndi ma pyrethroids okha komanso mphamvu ya epidemiological. Kuyambira pamenepo adalandira malangizo a WHO oti agawidwe m'malo omwe ma vectors amawonetsa kukana kwa ma pyrethroids, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufalikira kwawo kuchuluke kwambiri m'maiko omwe ali ndi matendawa m'zaka zaposachedwa. Komabe, pyrethroid-PBO ITN ili ndi malire. Chodziwika bwino ndi chakuti, pali nkhawa za kulimba kwawo atagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba kwa nthawi yayitali. Kafukufuku woyeserera ku West Africa akuwonetsanso kuti ma neti a udzudzu a pyrethroid-PBO angapereke phindu lochepa m'malo omwe kukana kwa pyrethroid kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha njira zovuta komanso zambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuti pakhale njira zowongolera ma vector zogwira mtima komanso zokhazikika, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya ma neti otetezedwa ndi tizilombo, makamaka okhala ndi ma vectors ena atsopano omwe ma vectors ndi osavuta kuwagwiritsa ntchito.
Posachedwapa, maukonde ogona opangidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo apezeka omwe amaphatikiza pyrethroids ndi fipronil, mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amasokoneza ntchito ya mitochondrial. Chlorfenopyr ikuyimira njira yatsopano yowongolera ma ventricles a matenda omwe apanga njira zovuta zotsutsana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe alipo. Pyrethroid-chlorphenopyr ITN (Interceptor G2), yopangidwa ndi BASF, yawonetsa kuti malungo osagwirizana ndi pyrethroid amayesedwa mu mayeso oyesera ku Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte ndi Tanzania. Kuwongolera ma ventricles kwasintha ndipo tsopano kwavomerezedwa kale ndi World Health Organization. Mayeso akuluakulu ndi mapulogalamu ogawa ma ventricles m'maiko ena awonetsanso umboni wa zotsatira za mliri. Makamaka, ma RCTs ku Benin ndi Tanzania awonetsa kuti Interceptor G2 yachepetsa kuchuluka kwa malungo a ana ndi 46% ndi 44% pazaka ziwiri, motsatana, poyerekeza ndi ITN pogwiritsa ntchito ma pyrethroids wamba okha. Potengera zotsatirazi, bungwe la World Health Organization posachedwapa lapereka upangiri wamphamvu wogwiritsa ntchito maukonde ogona omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa pyrethroid-chlorphenopyr m'malo mwa maukonde okhala ndi ma pyrethroid okha m'malo omwe ma vectors amalimbana ndi ma pyrethroid. Maukonde ogona omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuti apewe malungo. Izi zapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kufunikira kwa maukonde ogona ndi udzudzu omwe amathandizidwa ndi pyrethroid omwe amayikidwa m'maiko omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Kupanga mitundu yatsopano ya maukonde ogona a pyrethroid ndi fipronil ogwira ntchito bwino ndi opanga angapo omwe ali ndi luso lopanga lamphamvu kudzathandiza kukweza msika wa maukonde ogona omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuonjezera mpikisano, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wopeza maukonde ogona omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo otsika mtengo. Maukonde ogona. Maukonde ogona ophera tizilombo kuti azitha kuwongolera bwino ma vectors.