Malinga ndi CDC, udzudzu womwe umanyamula kachilombo ka West Nile umakhala wolimbana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Unali mu Seputembala 2018, ndipo Vandenberg, yemwe panthawiyo anali ndi zaka 67, anali akumva "kutopa pang'ono" kwa masiku angapo, ngati kuti anali ndi chimfine, adatero.
Anayamba kutupa muubongo. Anataya luso lowerenga ndi kulemba. Manja ndi miyendo yake zinali zitachita dzanzi chifukwa cha kufooka kwa thupi.
Ngakhale kuti chilimwe chino chakhala ndi matenda oyamba m'deralo m'zaka makumi awiri kuchokera ku matenda ena okhudzana ndi udzudzu, malungo, ndi kachilombo ka West Nile ndi udzudzu womwe umafalitsa matendawa zomwe zikudetsa nkhawa akuluakulu azaumoyo m'boma.
Roxanne Connelly, katswiri wa tizilombo ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), anati tizilomboti, mtundu wa udzudzu wotchedwa Culex, ndi "vuto lodetsa nkhawa kwambiri lomwe likuvutitsa anthu ambiri ku United States pakadali pano"
Nyengo yamvula yodabwitsa chaka chino chifukwa cha mvula ndi chipale chofewa chosungunuka, pamodzi ndi kutentha kwambiri, zikuwoneka kuti zachititsa kuti udzudzu uchuluke kwambiri.
Ndipo malinga ndi asayansi a CDC, udzudzu uwu ukukulirakulira kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amapezeka mu mankhwala ambiri opopera omwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito kupha udzudzu ndi mazira awo.
“Si chizindikiro chabwino,” anatero Connelly. “Tikutaya zida zina zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito polimbana ndi udzudzu wofalikira.”
Ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Insect Laboratory ku Fort Collins, Colorado, komwe kuli udzudzu zikwizikwi, gulu la Connelly linapeza kuti udzudzu wa Culex umakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali utakhala ndimankhwala ophera tizilombo.
“Mukufuna chinthu chomwe chimawasokoneza, osati chomwe chimawasokoneza,” anatero Connelly, akuloza botolo la udzudzu lomwe lili ndi mankhwala. Anthu ambiri akadali kuuluka.
Kuyesa kwa labotale sikunapeze kuti mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito pothamangitsa udzudzu akamayenda mapiri ndi zochitika zina zakunja sakukana. Connelly adati akupitilizabe kuchita bwino.
Koma pamene tizilombo tikukhala amphamvu kwambiri kuposa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, chiwerengero chawo chikukwera kwambiri m'madera ena a dzikolo.
Pofika mu 2023, anthu 69 omwe adapezeka ndi kachilombo ka West Nile adanenedwa ku United States, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Izi sizikudziwika: mu 2003, milandu 9,862 idalembedwa.
Koma patatha zaka makumi awiri, udzudzu wambiri ukutanthauza kuti anthu adzalumidwa ndi kudwala. Matenda ku West Nile nthawi zambiri amapezeka kwambiri mu Ogasiti ndi Seputembala.
"Ichi ndi chiyambi chabe cha momwe tidzaonera West Nile ikuyamba kufalikira ku United States," anatero Dr. Erin Staples, katswiri wa matenda a matenda ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention laboratory ku Fort Collins. "Tikuyembekeza kuti milandu ichuluke pang'onopang'ono m'masabata angapo akubwerawa."
Mwachitsanzo, mivi 149 ya udzudzu ku Maricopa County, Arizona, inapezeka ndi kachilombo ka West Nile chaka chino, poyerekeza ndi misampha isanu ndi itatu mu 2022.
John Townsend, woyang'anira zowongolera ma vector ku Maricopa County Environmental Services, anati madzi osasunthika ochokera ku mvula yamphamvu pamodzi ndi kutentha kwambiri zikuwoneka kuti zikuwonjezera vutoli.
“Madzi ake ndi okhwima kuti udzudzu uyikire mazira,” anatero Townsend. “Udzudzu umaswa msanga m’madzi ofunda – mkati mwa masiku atatu kapena anayi, poyerekeza ndi milungu iwiri m’madzi ozizira,” iye anatero.
Kugwa kwa mvula kosazolowereka mu June ku Larimer County, Colorado, komwe kuli labu ya Fort Collins, kunapangitsanso kuti pakhale "udzudzu wambiri" womwe ungafalitse kachilombo ka West Nile, anatero Tom Gonzalez, mkulu wa zaumoyo wa anthu m'boma.
Deta ya boma ikusonyeza kuti udzudzu uli ndi udzudzu wochuluka ku West Nile chaka chino kuposa chaka chatha.
Connelly anati kukula kwachuma m'madera ena a dzikolo "n'kodetsa nkhawa kwambiri." "Ndi zosiyana ndi zomwe tawona m'zaka zingapo zapitazi."
Kuyambira pomwe kachilombo ka West Nile kanapezeka koyamba ku United States mu 1999, kakhala matenda ofala kwambiri ofalitsidwa ndi udzudzu mdzikolo. Staples adati anthu zikwizikwi amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse.
Kumadzulo kwa Nile sikufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina kudzera mu kukhudzana kwachisawawa. Kachiromboka kamafalikira ndi udzudzu wa Culex wokha. Tizilomboti timadwala tikaluma mbalame zodwala kenako n’kupatsira kachilomboka kwa anthu kudzera mu kuluma kwina.
Anthu ambiri samva chilichonse. Malinga ndi CDC, munthu m'modzi mwa anthu asanu aliwonse amakhala ndi malungo, mutu, kupweteka thupi, kusanza komanso kutsegula m'mimba. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawonekera patatha masiku 3-14 munthu ataluma.
Munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 150 omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka West Nile amakhala ndi mavuto aakulu, kuphatikizapo imfa. Aliyense akhoza kudwala kwambiri, koma Staples adati anthu azaka zopitilira 60 komanso omwe ali ndi matenda ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Patatha zaka zisanu atapezeka ndi matenda a West Nile, Vandenberg wapezanso mphamvu zambiri kudzera mu chithandizo chamankhwala champhamvu. Komabe, miyendo yake inapitirizabe kuchita dzanzi, zomwe zinamupangitsa kuti azidalira ndodo.
Vandenberg atagwa m'mawa womwewo mu Seputembala 2018, anali paulendo wopita ku maliro a mnzake yemwe anamwalira ndi matenda a kachilombo ka West Nile.
Matendawa "akhoza kukhala oopsa kwambiri ndipo anthu ayenera kudziwa zimenezo. Angasinthe moyo wanu," adatero.
Ngakhale kuti kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo kukuchulukirachulukira, gulu la Connolly linapeza kuti mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito panja akadali othandiza. Malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali ndi zosakaniza monga DEET ndi picaridin.