Matenda Akuluakulu a Thonje ndi Tizilombo ndi Kupewa ndi Kulamulira (2)

Nsabwe ya thonje

Zizindikiro za kuvulala:

Nsabwe za thonje zimaboola kumbuyo kwa masamba a thonje kapena mitu yofewa ndi chogwirira pakamwa kuti ziyamwe madziwo. Zikakhudzidwa panthawi ya mbande, masamba a thonje amapindika ndipo nthawi yophukira maluwa ndi ma boll imachedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zipse mochedwa komanso kuti zibereke zochepa; Zikakhudzidwa panthawi ya kukula, masamba apamwamba amapindika, masamba apakati amawoneka ngati mafuta, ndipo masamba otsika amafota ndi kugwa; Mphukira ndi ma boll owonongeka amatha kugwa mosavuta, zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa zomera za thonje; Zina zimayambitsa masamba kugwa ndikuchepetsa kupanga.

Kupewa ndi kulamulira mankhwala:

10% imidacloprid 20-30g pa mu, kapena 30% imidacloprid 10-15g, kapena 70% imidacloprid 4-6 g pa mu, kupopera mofanana, mphamvu yolamulira imafika 90%, ndipo nthawi yake ndi masiku opitilira 15.

Kangaude Wokhala ndi Madontho Awiri

Zizindikiro za kuvulala:

Nthata za akangaude zokhala ndi madontho awiri, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti zinjoka zamoto kapena akangaude amoto, zimafala kwambiri m'zaka za chilala ndipo zimadya madzi kumbuyo kwa masamba a thonje; Zitha kuchitika kuyambira pachiyambi cha mbande mpaka pachiyambi cha kukula, ndi magulu a nthata ndi nthata zazikulu zomwe zimasonkhana kumbuyo kwa masamba kuti ziyamwe madzi. Masamba a thonje owonongeka amayamba kuwonetsa madontho achikasu ndi oyera, ndipo kuwonongekako kukakula, madontho ofiira amaonekera pamasamba mpaka tsamba lonse litakhala la bulauni ndikufota ndikugwa.

Kupewa ndi kulamulira mankhwala:

Mu nyengo yotentha ndi youma, 15% pyridaben nthawi 1000 mpaka 1500, 20% pyridaben nthawi 1500 mpaka 2000, 10.2% avid pyridaben nthawi 1500 mpaka 2000, ndi 1.8% avid nthawi 2000 mpaka 3000 ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yake kuti zifalikire mofanana, ndipo chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa ku kupopera kofanana pamwamba pa tsamba ndi kumbuyo kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti ziwongolere.

Mphutsi ya bollworm

Zizindikiro za kuvulala:

Ndi ya gulu la Lepidoptera ndi banja la Noctidae. Ndiwo tizilombo toopsa kwambiri panthawi ya mphukira ya thonje ndi boll. Mphutsi zimawononga nsonga zofewa, mphukira, maluwa, ndi mabowo obiriwira a thonje, ndipo zimatha kuluma pamwamba pa mphukira zazifupi zofewa, ndikupanga thonje lopanda mutu. Mphutsi yaing'ono ikawonongeka, ma bracts amasanduka achikasu ndikutseguka, ndikugwa patatha masiku awiri kapena atatu. Mphutsi zimakonda kudya mungu ndi manyazi. Zikawonongeka, mabowo obiriwira amatha kupanga mawanga ovunda kapena olimba, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri phindu ndi ubwino wa thonje.

Kupewa ndi kulamulira mankhwala:

Thonje lolimbana ndi tizilombo limagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi nyongolotsi za thonje za m'badwo wachiwiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri silifuna kulamulira. Mphamvu yolamulira pa nyongolotsi za thonje za m'badwo wachitatu ndi wachinayi imachepa, ndipo kulamulira kwa nthawi yake ndikofunikira. Mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala 35% propafenone • phoxim nthawi 1000-1500, 52.25% chlorpyrifos • chlorpyrifos nthawi 1000-1500, ndi 20% chlorpyrifos • chlorpyrifos nthawi 1000-1500.

Spodoptera litura

Zizindikiro za kuvulala:

Mphutsi zomwe zangobadwa kumene zimasonkhana pamodzi ndikudyetsa mesophyll, ndikusiya khungu la pamwamba kapena mitsempha, ndikupanga sefa yonga maluwa ndi masamba. Kenako zimabalalika ndikuwononga masamba ndi mphukira ndi mphukira, kudya masambawo mozama ndikuwononga mphukira ndi mphukira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwole kapena kugwa. Mukawononga mphukira za thonje, pamakhala mabowo 1-3 pansi pa mphukira, okhala ndi maenje akuluakulu komanso osakhazikika, komanso ndowe zazikulu za tizilombo zomwe zimawunjikana kunja kwa mabowo. 

Kupewa ndi kulamulira mankhwala:

Mankhwala ayenera kuperekedwa kumayambiriro kwa mphutsi ndipo azimitsidwa musanayambe kudya kwambiri. Popeza mphutsi sizituluka masana, kupopera kuyenera kuchitika madzulo. Mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala 35% probromine • phoxim nthawi 1000-1500, 52.25% chlorpyrifos • cyanogen chloride nthawi 1000-1500, 20% chlorbell • chlorpyrifos nthawi 1000-1500, ndipo amapopera mofanana.