Poizoni wochepa, palibe zotsalira zoletsa kukula kwa zomera zobiriwira - prohexadione calcium

Prohexadione ndi mtundu watsopano wa chowongolera kukula kwa zomera cha cyclohexane carboxylic acid. Inapangidwa pamodzi ndi Japan Combination Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. ndi BASF yaku Germany. Imaletsa kupanga kwa gibberellin m'zomera ndikupanga zomera. Kuchuluka kwa gibberellin kumachepa, motero kumachedwetsa ndikuwongolera kukula kwa zomera. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu mbewu za chimanga, monga tirigu, barele, kukana mpunga, ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito mu mtedza, maluwa ndi udzu kuti iwongolere kukula kwawo.

1 Chiyambi cha Zamalonda

Dzina lofala la ku China: procyclonic acid calcium

Dzina lofala la Chingerezi: Prohexadione-calcium

Dzina la compound: calcium 3-oxo-5-oxo-4-propionylcyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

Nambala yolowera ya CAS: 127277-53-6

Fomula ya molekyulu: C10H10CaO5

Kulemera kwa maselo oyerekeza: 250.3

Fomula yopangira kapangidwe kake:

Kapangidwe ka thupi ndi mankhwala: Mawonekedwe: ufa woyera; malo osungunuka >360℃; kuthamanga kwa nthunzi: 1.74×10-5 Pa (20℃); octanol/gawo la madzi: Kow lgP=-2.90 (20℃); kuchulukana: 1.435 g/mL; Henry's constant: 1.92 × 10-5 Pa m3mol-1 (calc.). Kusungunuka (20℃): 174 mg/L m'madzi osungunuka; methanol 1.11 mg/L, acetone 0.038 mg/L, n-hexane 0.003 mg/L, toluene 0.004 mg/L, ethyl acetate 0.010 mg/L, iso Propanol 0.105 mg/L, dichloromethane 0.004 mg/L. Kukhazikika: kutentha kokhazikika mpaka 180℃; hydrolysis DT50<5 d (pH=4, 20℃), 21 d (pH7, 20℃), 89 d (pH9, 25℃); m'madzi achilengedwe, photolysis ya madzi DT50 ndi 6.3 d, photolysis DT50 m'madzi osungunuka anali 2.7 d (29~34℃, 0.25W/m2).

Kuopsa: Mankhwala oyamba a prohexadione ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe alibe poizoni wambiri. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a pakamwa (LD50) (amuna/akazi) a makoswe ndi >5,000 mg/kg, LD50 (amuna/akazi) a pakamwa ndi >2,000 mg/kg, ndipo LD50 ya pakamwa (amuna/akazi) ndi >2,000 mg/kg. Kuopsa kwa kupuma LC50 (maola 4, amuna/akazi) ndi >4.21 mg/L. Nthawi yomweyo, ali ndi poizoni wotsika kwa zamoyo zachilengedwe monga mbalame, nsomba, utitiri wa m'madzi, algae, njuchi, ndi nyongolotsi.

Njira yogwirira ntchito: Mwa kusokoneza kapangidwe ka gibberellic acid m'zomera, imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa gibberellic acid m'zomera, imalamulira kukula kwa miyendo, imalimbikitsa maluwa ndi zipatso, imawonjezera zokolola, imapanga mizu, imateteza maselo ndi ziwalo za organelle, komanso imalimbitsa kukana kwa kupsinjika kwa mbewu. Pofuna kuletsa kukula kwa zomera kumtunda kwa chomera ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa kubereka.

2 Kulembetsa

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa China Pesticide Information Network, pofika mu Januwale 2022, zinthu 11 za prohexadione calcium zalembetsedwa mdziko langa, kuphatikiza mankhwala atatu aukadaulo ndi mankhwala 8 okonzekera, monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Table 1.

Gome 1 Kulembetsa kwa prohexadione calcium m'dziko langa

3 Zoyembekezeka za msika

Monga chowongolera kukula kwa zomera zobiriwira, prohexadione calcium ndi yofanana ndi chowongolera kukula kwa zomera cha paclobutrazol, niconazole ndi trinexapac-ethyl. Imaletsa kupanga kwa gibberellic acid m'zomera, ndipo imagwira ntchito pochepetsa kukula kwa mbewu. Komabe, prohexadione-calcium ilibe zotsalira pa zomera, ilibe kuipitsa chilengedwe, ndipo ilibe zotsatirapo zoyipa pa mbewu zomwe zikubwera komanso zomera zomwe sizili m'gulu la zomera. Tinganene kuti ili ndi mwayi waukulu wogwiritsa ntchito.