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REDFIELD, Iowa (DTN) – Ntchentche zimatha kukhala vuto kwa ziweto za ng'ombe nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera bwino panthawi yoyenera kungathandize kupeza phindu pa ndalama zomwe zayikidwa.
“Njira zabwino zowongolera tizilombo zingathandize kupereka njira zowongolera bwino,” anatero Gerald Stokka, dokotala wa ziweto komanso katswiri wowongolera ziweto ku North Dakota State University. Izi zikutanthauza kulamulira koyenera panthawi yoyenera komanso nthawi yoyenera.
“Mukaweta ana a ng’ombe, kulamulira tizilombo toyambitsa nsabwe ndi ntchentche musanadyetse sikungathandize ndipo kumabweretsa kutayika kwa zida zowongolera tizilombo,” anatero Stoica. “Nthawi ndi mtundu wa kulamulira tizilombo zimadalira mtundu wa ntchentche.”
Ntchentche za m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja nthawi zambiri sizimawonekera mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndipo sizifika pamlingo wachuma wolamulira mpaka pakati pa chilimwe. Ntchentche za m'nyanja zimakhala zotuwa ndipo zimaoneka ngati ntchentche zazing'ono za m'nyumba. Ngati sizisamalidwa, zimatha kuukira ziweto mpaka nthawi 120,000 patsiku. Nthawi zambiri, ntchentche zokwana 4,000 zimatha kukhala pa chikopa chimodzi cha ng'ombe.
Elizabeth Belew, katswiri wodziwa bwino za zakudya za ng'ombe ku Purina Animal Nutrition, anati ntchentche zotchedwa slingshot zokha zitha kuwonongera makampani a ziweto aku US ndalama zokwana $1 biliyoni pachaka. "Kulamulira ntchentche za ng'ombe kumayambiriro kwa nyengo kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu pakulamulira kuchuluka kwa ziweto nthawi yonse ya nyengo," adatero.
"Kuluma kosalekeza kungayambitse ululu ndi kupsinjika maganizo mwa ng'ombe ndipo kungachepetse kulemera kwa ng'ombe ndi makilogalamu 20," anawonjezera Stokka.
Ntchentche za nkhope zimaoneka ngati ntchentche zazikulu zakuda za m'nyumba. Ndi ntchentche zosaluma zomwe zimadya zotuluka m'thupi la nyama, timadzi tokoma ta zomera ndi madzi a m'mimba. Ntchentche zimenezi zimatha kufalikira m'maso mwa ng'ombe ndikuyambitsa matenda a conjunctivitis. Nthawi zambiri anthuwa amapezeka kwambiri kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Ntchentche zokhazikika zimafanana kukula ndi ntchentche za m'nyumba, koma zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zozungulira zomwe zimazisiyanitsa ndi ntchentche za m'nyanga. Ntchentchezi zimadya magazi, nthawi zambiri zimaluma mimba ndi miyendo. N'zovuta kuzilamulira ndi zinthu zomwe zatayidwa kapena zobayidwa.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njira zowongolera kuuluka, ndipo zina zingagwire ntchito bwino kuposa zina m'mikhalidwe ina. Malinga ndi Belew, njira yothandiza komanso yosavuta yowongolera ntchentche za nyanga nthawi yonse ya kuuluka ndi kudyetsa mchere wokhala ndi mankhwala owongolera kukula kwa tizilombo (IGRs), omwe ndi oyenera magulu onse a ng'ombe.
“Ng’ombe zokhala ndi IGR zikadya mcherewu, umadutsa m’chiwetocho n’kulowa m’ndowe zatsopano, kumene ntchentche zazikazi zazikulu zimaikira mazira. IGR imaletsa anapiye kukula kukhala ntchentche zazikulu zoluma,” iye akufotokoza. Ndi bwino kudyetsa masiku 30 chisanu chomaliza chisanafike m’nyengo ya masika ndi masiku 30 chisanu choyamba chitatha m’nyengo yophukira kuti ziweto zifike pamlingo woyenera.
Colin Tobin, katswiri wa za nyama ku NDSU's Carrington Research Center, anati ndikothandiza kufufuza malo odyetserako ziweto kuti mudziwe ntchentche zomwe zilipo komanso kuchuluka kwake. Ma tag a makutu, omwe ali ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono mu ubweya wa nyamayo ikamayenda, ndi njira yabwino, koma sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka kuchuluka kwa ntchentchezo kukhale kwakukulu pakati pa June mpaka July, adatero.
Iye akulangiza kuwerenga zilembo, chifukwa zilembo zosiyanasiyana zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito, zaka za ng'ombe zomwe zingatchulidwe, komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zizindikiro ziyenera kuchotsedwa pamene sizikugwiranso ntchito.
Njira ina yowongolera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'miphika ndi kupopera nyama. Nthawi zambiri amapakidwa mwachindunji pamwamba pa nyama. Mankhwalawa amayamwa ndipo amafalikira m'thupi lonse la nyama. Mankhwalawa amatha kuletsa ntchentche kwa masiku 30 zisanagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
"Kuti muwongolere bwino ntchentche, mankhwala opopera ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito milungu iwiri kapena itatu iliyonse panthawi yonse youluka," adatero Tobin.
Mu nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito mokakamiza, njira zabwino kwambiri zothanirana ndi ntchentche ndi zosonkhanitsa fumbi, zopukutira kumbuyo ndi zitini zamafuta. Ziyenera kuyikidwa m'malo omwe ziweto zimafika pafupipafupi, monga madzi kapena malo odyetsera. Ufa kapena madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Bellew akuchenjeza kuti izi zimafuna kuwunika pafupipafupi zida zosungiramo mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ng'ombe zikazindikira kuti zimawathandiza, zimayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizozi pafupipafupi, adatero.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-13-2024