Ziweto ziyenera kuphedwa munthawi yake kuti chuma chisawonongeke.

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REDFIELD, Iowa (DTN) - Ntchentche zingakhale zovuta kwa ziweto za ng'ombe nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe. Kugwiritsira ntchito zowongolera zabwino pa nthawi yoyenera kungathandize kupeza phindu pazachuma.
"Njira zabwino zoyendetsera tizilombo zingathandize kupereka kuwongolera koyenera," adatero Gerald Stokka, katswiri wa zinyama zaku North Dakota State University komanso katswiri wosamalira ziweto. Izi zikutanthauza kulamulira koyenera pa nthawi yoyenera komanso kwa nthawi yoyenera.
"Pamene mukulera ng'ombe za ng'ombe, nsabwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisanadye sizingakhale zothandiza ndipo zimabweretsa kutaya kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda," adatero Stoica. "Nthawi ndi mtundu wa tizilombo towononga zimatengera mtundu wa ntchentche."
Ntchentche za Horn ndi ntchentche za m'nyanja siziwoneka mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndipo sizifika pachimake pazachuma kuti zilamulire mpaka pakati pa chilimwe. Ntchentche zamanyanga zimakhala zotuwa ndipo zimawoneka ngati ntchentche zazing'ono. Ngati sanasamalidwe, amatha kuwononga ziweto mpaka 120,000 patsiku. M’nthaŵi zochulukirachulukira, ntchentche zokwana 4,000 za gulaye zimatha kukhala pachikopa chimodzi cha ng’ombe.
Elizabeth Belew, katswiri wodziwa zakudya za ng'ombe ku Purina Animal Nutrition, adati ntchentche za gulaye zokha zitha kuwonongera malonda a ziweto ku US mpaka $ 1 biliyoni pachaka. "Kuwongolera kuuluka kwa ng'ombe kumayambiriro kwa nyengo kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa anthu munyengo yonse," adatero.
"Kuluma kosalekeza kungayambitse kupweteka ndi kupsinjika maganizo kwa ng'ombe ndipo kumachepetsa kulemera kwa ng'ombe ndi mapaundi 20," Stokka anawonjezera.
Ntchentche zapankhope zimawoneka ngati ntchentche zazikulu, zakuda. Ndi ntchentche zosaluma zomwe zimadya zinyalala za nyama, timadzi tokoma ta zomera ndi zamadzimadzi. Ntchentchezi zimatha kuwononga maso a ng'ombe ndikuyambitsa conjunctivitis. Anthuwa amafika pachimake kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Ntchentche zokhazikika zimafanana kukula kwake ndi ntchentche, koma zimakhala ndi zozungulira zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi ntchentche za nyanga. Ntchentchezi zimadya magazi, nthawi zambiri zimaluma m'mimba ndi miyendo. Ndizovuta kuzilamulira ndi zinthu zomwe zatayika kapena jekeseni.
Pali mitundu ingapo yoyendetsera ndege, ndipo ina imatha kugwira ntchito bwino kuposa ina munthawi zina. Malinga ndi Belew, njira yabwino komanso yabwino yothanirana ndi ntchentche za nyanga nthawi yonse ya ntchentche ndi kudyetsa mchere wokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (IGRs), omwe ndi oyenera magulu onse a ng'ombe.
"Ng'ombe zomwe zili ndi IGR zikadya mcherewo, umadutsa munyamayo ndikulowa m'zimbudzi zatsopano, kumene nyanga yaikazi yachikulire imawulukira mazira. IGR imalepheretsa agalu kukhala ntchentche zazikulu zoluma,” akufotokoza motero. Ndikwabwino kudyetsa masiku 30 chisanu chomaliza chisanachitike komanso patatha masiku 30 chisanu choyamba chayamba kugwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti ziweto zikufika pamlingo womwe mukufuna.
Colin Tobin, wasayansi ya nyama ku Carrington Research Center ya NDSU, adati ndizothandiza kufufuza msipu kuti mudziwe zomwe ntchentche zilipo komanso kuchuluka kwake. Zolemba m'makutu, zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono mu ubweya wa nyama pamene akuyenda, ndi njira yabwino, koma sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka chiwerengero cha ntchentche chikukwera pakati pa June mpaka July, adatero.
Amalimbikitsa kuwerenga malemba, chifukwa zilembo zosiyana zimatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito, zaka za ng'ombe zomwe zinganenedwe, komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe akugwira ntchito. Ma tag ayenera kuchotsedwa pamene sakugwiranso ntchito.
Njira inanso yothanirana ndi kuphatikizika kwa miphika ndi kupopera nyama. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji pamwamba pa nyama. Mankhwalawa amatengeka ndipo amayendayenda m’thupi la nyamayo. Mankhwalawa amatha kuletsa ntchentche kwa masiku 30 asanawagwiritsenso ntchito.
Tobin anati: “Kuti muzitha kuwongolera ntchentche moyenera, zopoperazi ziyenera kupakidwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu iliyonse m’nyengo yonse yowuluka.
M'malo okakamiza, njira zowongolera ntchentche zogwira mtima kwambiri ndizotolera fumbi, zopukuta kumbuyo ndi zitini zamafuta. Aziika m’malo amene ziweto zimafikirako pafupipafupi, monga ku magwero a madzi kapena malo odyetserako ziweto. Ufa kapena madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Bellew akuchenjeza kuti izi zimafunika kuyendera pafupipafupi zida zosungiramo mankhwala. Ng'ombe zikazindikira kuti zimawathandiza, amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zidazo pafupipafupi, adatero.