Mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi mankhwala ena amapezeka pafupifupi pa chilichonse chomwe mumadya kuyambira m'sitolo mpaka patebulo lanu. Koma talemba mndandanda wa zipatso 12 zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala ambiri, ndi zipatso 15 zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala ochepa.
Kaya mumagula zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano kwambiri, kugula m'sitolo yogulitsa zinthu zachilengedwe, kapena kugula mapichesi ambiri kuchokera ku famu yapafupi, amafunika kutsukidwa musanadye kapena kuphika.
Chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa mabakiteriya monga E. coli, salmonella, ndi listeria, kuipitsidwa kwa anthu ena, manja a anthu ena, ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amakhalabe pa ndiwo zamasamba monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena zosungira, ndiwo zamasamba zonse ziyenera kutsukidwa mu sinki zisanafike pakamwa panu. Inde, izi zikuphatikizapo ndiwo zamasamba zachilengedwe, chifukwa zachilengedwe sizitanthauza kuti palibe mankhwala ophera tizilombo; zimangotanthauza kuti palibe mankhwala ophera tizilombo oopsa, zomwe ndi malingaliro olakwika pakati pa ogula zakudya ambiri.
Musanadandaule kwambiri za zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'zokolola zanu, ganizirani kuti Pulogalamu ya USDA ya Pesticide Data (PDF) inapeza kuti zokolola zoposa 99 peresenti zomwe zinayesedwa zinali ndi zotsalira pamlingo wokwanira miyezo yachitetezo yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi Environmental Protection Agency, ndipo 27 peresenti inalibe zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo zomwe zingapezeke konse.
Mwachidule: Zotsalira zina zili bwino, si mankhwala onse omwe ali muzakudya omwe ndi oipa, ndipo simuyenera kuchita mantha ngati mwaiwala kutsuka zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, maapulo amapakidwa sera woyenerera chakudya kuti alowe m'malo mwa sera wachilengedwe womwe umatsuka panthawi yotsuka pambuyo pokolola. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo nthawi zambiri sikukhudza kwambiri thanzi lanu, koma ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena mankhwala ena muzakudya zomwe mumadya, njira imodzi yotetezeka yomwe mungachite ndikutsuka zokolola zanu musanazidye.
Mitundu ina imapanga tinthu tolimba kuposa ina, ndipo kuti ithandize kusiyanitsa zakudya zodetsedwa kwambiri ndi zomwe sizili zodetsedwa kwambiri, bungwe lopanda phindu la Environmental Food Safety Working Group lafalitsa mndandanda wa zakudya zomwe zili ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mndandandawu, wotchedwa "Dirty Dozen," ndi pepala lachinyengo lomwe zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ziyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse.
Gululi linafufuza zitsanzo 47,510 za mitundu 46 ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zinayesedwa ndi bungwe la US Food and Drug Administration ndi Dipatimenti ya Ulimi ku US.
Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa bungweli wapeza kuti sitiroberi zili ndi zotsalira zambiri za mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mu kusanthula kwathunthu kumeneku, zipatso zodziwika bwinozi zinali ndi mankhwala ambiri kuposa zipatso kapena ndiwo zamasamba zina zilizonse.
Pansipa mupeza zakudya 12 zomwe zili ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso zakudya 15 zomwe sizili ndi kachilombo.
Dirty Dozen ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri chokumbutsa ogula zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino. Ngakhale kutsuka mwachangu ndi madzi kapena kupopera sopo kungathandize.
Mukhozanso kupewa zoopsa zambiri zomwe zingachitike pogula zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zovomerezeka zachilengedwe (zolimidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo). Kudziwa zakudya zomwe zili ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kungakuthandizeni kusankha komwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndalama zanu zowonjezera pa zakudya zachilengedwe. Monga momwe ndinaphunzirira pofufuza mitengo ya zakudya zachilengedwe ndi zakudya zopanda zachilengedwe, sizili zokwera kwambiri monga momwe mungaganizire.
Zinthu zokhala ndi zophimba zachilengedwe zoteteza sizingakhale ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe angakhale oopsa.
Chitsanzo cha Clean 15 chinali ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri kwa kuipitsidwa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zonse zomwe zinayesedwa, koma sizikutanthauza kuti zilibe kuipitsidwa konse kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zachidziwikire, sizikutanthauza kuti zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe mumabweretsa kunyumba zilibe kuipitsidwa kwa mabakiteriya. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ndi bwino kudya zakudya zosatsukidwa kuchokera ku Clean 15 kuposa kuchokera ku Dirty Dozen, koma ndi lamulo labwino kutsuka zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zonse musanadye.
Njira ya EWG imaphatikizapo miyeso isanu ndi umodzi ya kuipitsidwa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kusanthulaku kumayang'ana kwambiri zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo amodzi kapena angapo, koma sikuyesa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'chomera china. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za kafukufuku wa EWG wa Dirty Dozen apa.
Mwa zitsanzo zoyesedwa zomwe zinafufuzidwa, EWG inapeza kuti 95 peresenti ya zitsanzo zomwe zili mu gulu la zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba la "Dirty Dozen" zinali zophimbidwa ndi mankhwala ophera fungicide omwe angakhale oopsa. Kumbali ina, pafupifupi 65 peresenti ya zitsanzo zomwe zili mu gulu la zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zoyera zinalibe mankhwala ophera fungicide omwe angapezeke.
Gulu Logwira Ntchito Zachilengedwe linapeza mankhwala angapo ophera tizilombo pofufuza zitsanzo zoyesera ndipo linapeza kuti anayi mwa asanu mwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo odziwika bwino anali mankhwala ophera tizilombo oopsa: fludioxonil, pyraclostrobin, boscalid ndi pyrimethanil.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-10-2025