DEETndi imodzi mwazinthu zochepa zothamangitsa zomwe zatsimikiziridwa kuti ndizothandiza polimbana ndi udzudzu, nkhupakupa, ndi tizilombo tina towopsa. Koma chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mankhwalawa, DEET ndi yotetezeka bwanji kwa anthu?
DEET, yomwe akatswiri a zamankhwala amatcha kuti N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, imapezeka muzinthu zosachepera 120 zolembetsedwa ndi bungwe la US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Zopangirazi ndi monga zopopera zothamangitsira tizilombo, zopopera, zopaka, ndi zopukuta.
Popeza DEET idayambitsidwa poyera mu 1957, Environmental Protection Agency yachita ndemanga ziwiri zachitetezo chamankhwala.
Koma Bethany Huelskoetter, APRN, DNP, dokotala wamankhwala apabanja ku OSF Healthcare, akuti odwala ena amapewa zinthu izi, amakonda zomwe zimagulitsidwa ngati "zachilengedwe" kapena "zitsamba."
Ngakhale zothamangitsa m'malo izi zitha kugulitsidwa ngati zapoizoni zochepa, zotsatira zake zothamangitsa nthawi zambiri sizikhalitsa ngati DEET.
”Nthawi zina zimakhala zosatheka kupewa zothamangitsa mankhwala. DEET ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri. Mwa onse othamangitsa pamsika, DEET ndiye mtengo wabwino kwambiri wandalama, "Huelskoetter adauza Verywell.
Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa kuti muchepetse kuyabwa komanso kusamva bwino ndi kulumidwa ndi tizilombo. Koma itha kukhalanso njira yodzitetezera ku thanzi: Anthu pafupifupi theka la miliyoni amadwala matenda a Lyme chaka chilichonse akalumidwa ndi nkhupakupa, ndipo anthu pafupifupi 7 miliyoni adwala matendawa kuyambira pomwe kachilombo ka West Nile kamene kamafalikira ndi udzudzu koyamba ku US mu 1999. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
Malinga ndi Consumer Reports, DEET nthawi zonse imawerengedwa ngati chinthu chothandiza kwambiri pothamangitsa tizilombo pamlingo wa 25%. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa DEET pachinthucho kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo chikhale chotalikirapo.
Zina zothamangitsa ndi picaridin, permethrin, ndi PMD (mafuta a mandimu eucalyptus).
Kafukufuku wa 2023 yemwe adayesa zotchinjiriza 20 zofunikira zamafuta adapeza kuti mafuta ofunikira samatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa ola limodzi ndi theka, ndipo ena adasiya kugwira ntchito pakadutsa mphindi imodzi. Poyerekeza, DEET yothamangitsa imatha kuthamangitsa udzudzu kwa maola osachepera 6.
Malinga ndi Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), zotsatira zoyipa zochokera ku DEET ndizosowa. Mu lipoti la 2017, bungweli linanena kuti 88 peresenti ya kuwonetseredwa kwa DEET yomwe inanenedwa kumalo olamulira poizoni sikunabweretse zizindikiro zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala. Pafupifupi theka la anthu sanakumane ndi zotsatirapo zoipa, ndipo ambiri mwa enawo anali ndi zizindikiro zochepa chabe, monga kugona, kuyabwa pakhungu, kapena chifuwa cha kanthaŵi, zomwe zinatha mwamsanga.
Zomwe zimachitika kwambiri ku DEET nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zizindikiro zaubongo monga kukomoka, kusawongolera minofu, kuchita mwaukali, komanso kulephera kuzindikira.
"Poganizira kuti anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ku United States amagwiritsa ntchito DEET chaka chilichonse, pali malipoti ochepa kwambiri okhudza thanzi labwino kuchokera ku ntchito ya DEET," lipoti la ATSDR linati.
Mukhozanso kupewa kulumidwa ndi tizilombo mwa kuvala manja aatali ndi kuyeretsa kapena kupewa malo aliwonse oswana tizilombo, monga madzi oima, bwalo lanu, ndi malo ena omwe mumapitako.
Ngati mungasankhe kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chomwe chili ndi DEET, tsatirani malangizo omwe ali patsamba. Malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndende yotsika kwambiri ya DEET yofunikira kuti mukhale ndi chitetezo - osapitilira 50 peresenti.
Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokoka zothamangitsa, CDC imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zothamangitsa m'malo olowera mpweya wabwino osati m'malo otsekedwa. Kuti muzipaka pankhope panu, tsitsani mankhwalawa m'manja mwanu ndikupaka kumaso.
Iye anawonjezera kuti: “Mumafuna kuti khungu lanu lizitha kupuma mukadzaligwiritsa ntchito, ndipo mukapuma bwino simudzakhala ndi zowawa pakhungu.”
DEET ndi yotetezeka kwa ana, koma Centers for Disease Control and Prevention imalimbikitsa kuti ana osakwana zaka 10 asamagwiritse ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa okha. Ana osakwana miyezi iwiri sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi DEET.
Ndikofunikira kuyimbira malo owongolera poyizoni nthawi yomweyo ngati mutakoka mpweya kapena kumeza mankhwala omwe ali ndi DEET, kapena ngati mankhwalawa akufika m'maso mwanu.
Ngati mukuyang'ana njira yodalirika yothanirana ndi tizilombo, makamaka m'madera omwe udzudzu ndi nkhupakupa zimakhala zofala, DEET ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yothandiza (malinga ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi chizindikiro). Njira zina zachilengedwe sizingapereke chitetezo chofanana, choncho ganizirani za chilengedwe ndi ngozi ya matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo posankha mankhwala othamangitsira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-03-2024