Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) ndi imodzi mwazolinga zazikulu zopanga mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala ophera udzu, yomwe imapangitsa gawo lalikulu pamsika.Chifukwa mankhwala a herbicides amagwira ntchito kwambiri pa chlorophyll ndipo amakhala ndi kawopsedwe kakang'ono kwa nyama zoyamwitsa, mankhwala a herbicide amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, kawopsedwe wochepa komanso chitetezo.
Nyama, zomera, mabakiteriya ndi bowa zonse zili ndi protoporphyrinogen oxidase, yomwe imapangitsa protoporphyrinogen IX kukhala protoporphyrin IX pansi pa chikhalidwe cha molekyulu ya okosijeni, protoporphyrinogen oxidase ndiye puloteni yomaliza yodziwika mu tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, makamaka kupanga chitsulo chachitsulo ndi chlorophyll heme.Muzomera, protoporphyrinogen oxidase ili ndi ma isoenzymes awiri, omwe amakhala mu mitochondria ndi ma chloroplast motsatana.Protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors ndi amphamvu kukhudzana herbicides, amene angathe kukwaniritsa cholinga cha udzu udzu makamaka inhibiting kaphatikizidwe zomera inki, ndi kukhala ndi nthawi yochepa yotsalira m'nthaka, amene si zoipa kwa mbewu kenako.Mitundu yatsopano ya herbicide ili ndi mawonekedwe a kusankha, kuchita zinthu zambiri, kawopsedwe kakang'ono komanso kosavuta kudziunjikira m'chilengedwe.
PPO inhibitors amitundu yayikulu ya herbicide
1. Diphenyl ether herbicides
Mitundu ina yaposachedwa ya PPO
3.1 Dzina la ISO saflufenacil lomwe linapezedwa mu 2007 - BASF, patent yatha mu 2021.
Mu 2009, benzochlor idalembetsedwa koyamba ku United States ndipo idagulitsidwa mu 2010. Benzochlor idalembetsedwa ku United States, Canada, China, Nicaragua, Chile, Argentina, Brazil ndi Australia.Pakadali pano, mabizinesi ambiri ku China ali mkati molembetsa.
3.2 Anapambana dzina la ISO la tiafenacil mu 2013 ndipo patent imatha mu 2029.
Mu 2018, flursulfuryl ester idayambitsidwa koyamba ku South Korea;Mu 2019, idakhazikitsidwa ku Sri Lanka, ndikutsegula ulendo wotsatsa malondawo m'misika yakunja.Pakalipano, flursulfuryl ester yalembedwanso ku Australia, United States, Canada, Brazil ndi mayiko ena, ndipo inalembedwa mwakhama m'misika ina yaikulu.
3.3 Dzina la ISO la trifludimoxazin (trifluoxazin) linapezedwa mu 2014 ndipo patent imatha mu 2030.
Pa Meyi 28, 2020, mankhwala oyamba a trifluoxazine adalembetsedwa ku Australia kwa nthawi yoyamba padziko lapansi, ndipo njira yamalonda yapadziko lonse ya trifluoxazine idapita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo pa Julayi 1 chaka chomwecho, mankhwala a BASF (125.0g / L tricfluoxazine + 250.0g / L kuyimitsidwa kwa benzosulfuramide) adavomerezedwanso kuti alembetse ku Australia.
3.4 ISO dzina la cyclopyranil lomwe linapezedwa mu 2017 - patent imatha mu 2034.
Kampani ya ku Japan inapempha chilolezo cha European patent (EP3031806) kuti ikhale yowonjezera, kuphatikizapo cyclopyranil compound, ndipo inatumiza pulogalamu ya PCT, yofalitsidwa padziko lonse No. WO2015020156A1, ya August 7, 2014. Italy, Japan, South Korea, Russia, ndi United States.
3.5 epyrifenacil idapatsidwa dzina la ISO mu 2020
Epyrifenacil yotakata sipekitiramu, zotsatira mwamsanga, makamaka ntchito chimanga, tirigu, balere, mpunga, manyuchi, soya, thonje, shuga beet, chiponde, mpendadzuwa, kugwiriridwa, maluwa, yokongola zomera, masamba, kuteteza ambiri yotakata-leaf udzu ndi udzu udzu. , monga mitsinje, udzu wa ng'ombe, udzu, ryegrass, udzu wamchira ndi zina zotero.
3.6 ISO yotchedwa flufenoximacil (Flufenoximacil) mu 2022
Fluridine ndi PPO inhibitor herbicide yokhala ndi udzu wambiri, kufulumira kuchitapo kanthu, yogwira ntchito tsiku lomwelo yoikidwiratu, komanso kusinthasintha kwa mbewu zotsatira.Kuonjezera apo, fluridine imakhalanso ndi ntchito yowonjezereka kwambiri, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ku mlingo wa gramu, womwe ndi wochezeka ndi chilengedwe.
Mu Epulo 2022, fluridine idalembetsedwa ku Cambodia, mndandanda wake woyamba padziko lonse lapansi.Choyambirira chomwe chili ndi chophatikizira ichi chidzalembedwa ku China pansi pa dzina lamalonda "Fast as the wind".
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-26-2024