Kafukufukuyu, wotchedwa "Mgwirizano Pakati pa Kuwonetsedwa ndi Organophosphate Pesticide ndi Maganizo Odzipha mwa Akuluakulu aku US: Kafukufuku Wozikidwa pa Anthu," adasanthula zambiri zaumoyo wamaganizo ndi wakuthupi kuchokera kwa anthu oposa 5,000 azaka 20 kapena kuposerapo ku United States. Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira cha matenda okhudzana ndi ubale pakati pa kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate ndi SI. Olembawo akuti kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate "n'kofala kwambiri kuposa kukhudzana ndi munthu mmodzi, koma kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumaonedwa kuti ndi kochepa..." Kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchito "njira zapamwamba zowerengera zomwe zikubwera mu epidemiology ya zachilengedwe kuti zithetse zodetsa zambiri," olembawo akupitiliza. Maubwenzi Ovuta Pakati pa Zosakaniza ndi Zotsatira Zapadera Zaumoyo" kuti apereke chitsanzo cha kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate ndi mixed ndi mixed.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuwonetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali ku organophosphatemankhwala ophera tizilomboZingayambitse kuchepa kwa zinthu zina zoteteza muubongo, kotero amuna achikulire omwe amakhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate kwa nthawi yayitali amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate kuposa ena. Zonsezi pamodzi zimapangitsa amuna achikulire kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, komanso mavuto amisala akamakumana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa malingaliro ofuna kudzipha.
Ma Organophosphates ndi gulu la mankhwala ophera tizilombo ochokera ku mitsempha ya nthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse. Ndi mankhwala oletsa cholinesterase, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amamangirira kosatha pamalo omwe enzyme ya acetylcholinesterase (AChE) imagwira ntchito, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti mitsempha ifalikire bwino, motero imaletsa enzymeyi. Kuchepa kwa ntchito ya AChE kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuvutika maganizo mwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodzipha. (Onani lipoti la Beyond Pesticides apa.)
Zotsatira za kafukufuku waposachedwapa zikugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wakale wofalitsidwa mu WHO Bulletin, womwe unapeza kuti anthu omwe amasunga mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate m'nyumba zawo amakhala ndi malingaliro odzipha chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kulumikizana pakati pa malingaliro odzipha ndi kupezeka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'nyumba. M'madera omwe mabanja amakhala ndi mwayi wosunga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuchuluka kwa malingaliro odzipha kumakhala kokwera kuposa anthu wamba. Asayansi a WHO amaona kuti poizoni wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yodzipha padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa poizoni wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumapangitsa kuti akhale zinthu zoopsa. "Mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, amakhala mankhwala oopsa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri adziphe padziko lonse lapansi," adatero Dr. Robert Stewart, wofufuza wa WHO Bulletin.
Ngakhale kuti Beyond Pesticides yakhala ikunena za zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuyambira pomwe idayamba, kafukufuku m'derali akadali ochepa. Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsanso nkhawa yayikulu paumoyo wa anthu, makamaka kwa alimi, ogwira ntchito m'mafamu, ndi anthu okhala pafupi ndi minda. Ogwira ntchito m'mafamu, mabanja awo, ndi omwe amakhala pafupi ndi minda kapena zomera zamankhwala ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhudzidwa ndi mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatirapo zosayerekezeka. (Onani tsamba la Beyond Pesticides: Agricultural Equity and Disproportional Risk.) Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ambiri, kuphatikiza m'mizinda, ndipo zotsalira zawo zimapezeka mu chakudya ndi madzi, zomwe zimakhudza anthu ambiri ndikupangitsa kuti anthu azikumana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphate ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo.
Ngakhale kuti asayansi ndi akatswiri azaumoyo amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa organophosphate ku United States, mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa organophosphate akupitilizabe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States. Kafukufukuyu ndi ena akusonyeza kuti alimi ndi anthu m'madera a alimi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto amisala chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndipo kuti kupezeka ndi mankhwala otchedwa organophosphates kungayambitse mavuto ambiri okhudza kukula kwa mitsempha, kubereka, kupuma, ndi matenda ena. Deta ya Beyond Pesticides Pesticide-Induced Diseases (PIDD) ikutsatira kafukufuku waposachedwa wokhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za zoopsa zambiri za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, onani gawo la Depression, Suicide, Brain and Nerve Disorders, Endocrine Disruption, and Cancer patsamba la PIDD.
Kugula chakudya chachilengedwe kumathandiza kuteteza ogwira ntchito m'minda ndi omwe amadya zipatso za ntchito yawo. Onani Kudya Mosamala kuti mudziwe za kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo mukamadya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba wamba, komanso kuganizira za ubwino wa kudya chakudya chachilengedwe pa thanzi, ngakhale pa bajeti yochepa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-27-2024