Meloidogyne incognita ndi tizilombo tofala kwambiri mu ulimi, tomwe ndi oopsa komanso ovuta kuwalamulira. Ndiye, kodi Meloidogyne incognita iyenera kulamulidwa bwanji?
Zifukwa zomwe zimachititsa kuti Meloidogyne incognita ikhale yovuta kulamulira:
1. Tizilomboti ndi tating'ono ndipo timabisala mwamphamvu
Meloidogyne incognita ndi mtundu wa tizilombo tomwe timafalikira m'nthaka tomwe tili ndi mphamvu zochepa zolowa m'nthaka, tizilombo tomwe timafalikira m'nthaka, zomera zambiri, udzu, ndi zina zotero; Kuchulukana kwa tizilombo n'kwachangu, ndipo chiwerengero cha tizilombo n'chosavuta kusonkhanitsa kwambiri.
2. Kulowa muzu, n'kovuta kuzindikira
Chomera chikaonetsa zizindikiro, mizu yake imakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe, zomwe zimawononga chomeracho. Chomeracho chimachita chimodzimodzi ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha nthaka monga kufooka kwa bakiteriya, ndipo chimasocheretsedwa mosavuta ndi zizindikiro zake.
3. Kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwa chilengedwe
Kawirikawiri imagwira ntchito m'nthaka pafupifupi 15-30cm, kufika pansi mpaka mamita 1.5. Imatha kufalitsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndipo imatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zitatu ngakhale palibe tizilombo tomwe timadwala.
4. Njira zovuta zochotsera
Pali njira zambiri zofalitsira matenda a Meloidogyne incognita. Zida zaulimi zodetsedwa, mbande zokhala ndi mphutsi, ndi nthaka yomwe imanyamulidwa ndi nsapato panthawi yogwira ntchito zonse zakhala njira zofalitsira matenda a Meloidogyne incognita.
Njira zopewera ndi kulamulira:
1. Kusankha mitundu ya mbewu
Tiyenera kusankha mitundu kapena mizu yolimba ku Meloidogyne incognita, ndikusankha mitundu ya ndiwo zamasamba yolimba ku matenda kapena matenda, kuti tithe kuchepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa matenda osiyanasiyana.
2. Kubzala mbande m'nthaka yopanda matenda
Polera mbande, tiyenera kusankha nthaka yopanda matenda a Meloidogyne incognita kuti tiike mbande. Nthaka yomwe ili ndi matenda a Meloidogyne incognita iyenera kutsukidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo tisanaike mbande. Tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mbande sizili ndi kachilombo. Mwanjira imeneyi yokha ndi momwe tingachepetsere kuchuluka kwa matenda akakula.
3. Kulima nthaka mozama komanso kusinthana kwa mbewu
Kawirikawiri, ngati tikukumba mozama m'nthaka, timafunika kufika masentimita 25 kapena kuposerapo kuti tibweretse nsabwe za m'nthaka zomwe zili pansi pa nthaka pamwamba. Panthawiyi, nthaka pamwamba sidzangomasuka, komanso imachepetsa madzi atatha kupsa ndi dzuwa, zomwe sizingathandize kuti nsabwe za m'nthaka zipulumuke.
4. Kutentha kwambiri kwa greenhouse, chithandizo cha nthaka
Ngati ndi Meloidogyne incognita mu greenhouse, tingagwiritse ntchito kutentha kwambiri nthawi yachilimwe kupha nematode ambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, tithanso kuwononga zotsalira za zomera zomwe Meloidogyne incognita imadalira kuti zikhalebe m'nthaka.
Kuphatikiza apo, nthaka ikakhala yamchenga, tiyenera kukonza nthaka chaka ndi chaka, zomwe zingathandizenso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa Meloidogyne incognita.
5. Kuyang'anira minda
Titha kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa ovunda m'munda ndikuwonjezera phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu, zomwe zingathandize zomera kuti zisadwale matenda. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti sitiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa osakhwima, zomwe zingangowonjezera kufalikira kwa Meloidogyne incognita.
6. Kuonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe komanso kulimbitsa kasamalidwe ka ulimi
Tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wambiri woletsa matenda a nematode (monga momwe zilili ndi Bacillus thuringiensis, spore wofiirira, ndi zina zotero) kuti tiwongolere zomera za m'nthaka, kupewa kufalikira kwa nematode, kukulitsa kukula, ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa Meloidogyne incognita.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-11-2023