Maukonde a udzudzu ogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali (ILNs) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotchinga chakuthupi kuti apewe matenda a malungo. Ku sub-Saharan Africa, njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yochepetsera kufalikira kwa malungo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma ILN. Komabe, chidziwitso chokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito ma ILN ku Ethiopia ndi chochepa. Chifukwa chake, kafukufukuyu cholinga chake ndikuwunika momwe ma ILN amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimagwirizana pakati pa mabanja aku West Arsi County, Oromia State, Southern Ethiopia mu 2023. Kafukufuku wokhudza anthu ambiri unachitika ku West Arsi County kuyambira pa 1 mpaka 30 Meyi 2023 ndi chitsanzo cha mabanja 2808. Deta idasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera m'mabanja pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso okonzedwa bwino omwe adayang'aniridwa ndi wofunsa mafunso. Detayo idawunikidwa, kulembedwa ma code ndikulowetsedwa mu Epiinfo version 7 kenako idatsukidwa ndikusanthulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito SPSS version 25. Kusanthula kofotokozera kunagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa ma frequency, ma proportions ndi ma graph. Kusanthula kwa binary logistic regression kunawerengedwa ndipo zosintha zomwe zili ndi ma p values osakwana 0.25 zidasankhidwa kuti ziphatikizidwe mu multivariate model. Chitsanzo chomaliza chinatanthauziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma odd ratios osinthidwa (95% confidence interval, p value yochepera 0.05) kuti asonyeze mgwirizano wa ziwerengero pakati pa zotsatira ndi zosintha zodziyimira pawokha. Mabanja pafupifupi 2389 (86.2%) ali ndi maukonde ophera tizilombo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yayitali. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito konse maukonde ophera tizilombo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yayitali kunali 69.9% (95% CI 68.1–71.8). Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yayitali kunali kogwirizana kwambiri ndi kukhala mutu wa banja wamkazi (AOR 1.69; 95% CI 1.33–4.15), chiwerengero cha zipinda zosiyana mnyumbamo (AOR 1.80; 95% CI 1.23–2.29), nthawi yosinthira maukonde ophera tizilombo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yayitali (AOR 2.81; 95% CI 2.18–5.35), ndi chidziwitso cha omwe akuyankha (AOR 3.68; 95% CI 2.48–6.97). Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali pakati pa mabanja ku Ethiopia kunali kotsika poyerekeza ndi muyezo wa dziko lonse (≥ 85). Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti zinthu monga mutu wa banja wamkazi, kuchuluka kwa zipinda zosiyana mnyumbamo, nthawi yosinthira maukonde ophera tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha omwe adayankha zinali zolosera za kugwiritsa ntchito LLIN ndi mamembala a m'banjamo. Chifukwa chake, kuti awonjezere kugwiritsa ntchito LLIN, Ofesi ya Zaumoyo ya West Alsi District ndi omwe akukhudzidwa ayenera kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira kwa anthu onse ndikulimbitsa kugwiritsa ntchito LLIN pamlingo wabanja.
Malungo ndi vuto lalikulu la thanzi la anthu padziko lonse lapansi komanso matenda opatsirana omwe amayambitsa matenda ndi imfa zambiri. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ta mtundu wa Plasmodium, tomwe timafalikira kudzera mu kulumidwa ndi udzudzu wachikazi wa Anopheles1,2. Anthu pafupifupi 3.3 biliyoni ali pachiwopsezo cha malungo, ndipo chiopsezo chachikulu kwambiri ku sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)3. Lipoti la World Health Organization (WHO) 2023 likuwonetsa kuti theka la anthu padziko lonse lapansi ali pachiwopsezo cha malungo, ndipo milandu ya malungo pafupifupi 233 miliyoni yanenedwa m'maiko 29, omwe anthu pafupifupi 580,000 amafa, ndipo ana osakwana zaka zisanu ndi amayi apakati ndi omwe akukhudzidwa kwambiri3,4.
Kafukufuku wakale ku Ethiopia wasonyeza kuti zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito ukonde wa udzudzu kwa nthawi yayitali ndi monga kudziwa njira zofalitsira malungo, chidziwitso choperekedwa ndi ogwira ntchito yofalitsa nkhani (HEWs), ma kampeni a atolankhani, maphunziro m'zipatala, malingaliro ndi kusasangalala kwakuthupi akagona pansi pa ukonde wa udzudzu kwa nthawi yayitali, kulephera kupachika ukonde wa udzudzu kwa nthawi yayitali, malo osakwanira opachika ukonde wa udzudzu, njira zosakwanira zophunzitsira, kusowa kwa zinthu zopezera ukonde wa udzudzu, zoopsa za malungo, komanso kusadziwa ubwino wa ukonde wa udzudzu. 17,20,21 Kafukufuku wasonyezanso kuti makhalidwe ena, kuphatikizapo kukula kwa banja, zaka, mbiri ya kuvulala, kukula, mawonekedwe, mtundu, ndi chiwerengero cha malo ogona, zimagwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukonde wa udzudzu kwa nthawi yayitali. 5,17,18,22 Komabe, maphunziro ena sanapeze mgwirizano wofunikira pakati pa chuma cha banja ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ukonde wa udzudzu3,23.
Maukonde a udzudzu okhalitsa, akuluakulu okwanira kuikidwa m'malo ogona, apezeka kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, ndipo kafukufuku wambiri m'maiko omwe malungo amapezeka kawirikawiri atsimikizira kufunika kwawo pochepetsa kukhudzana ndi anthu ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a malungo ndi matenda ena ofalitsidwa ndi tizilombo7,19,23. M'madera omwe malungo amapezeka kawirikawiri, kufalitsa maukonde a udzudzu okhazikika kwawonetsedwa kuti kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa malungo, matenda oopsa, ndi imfa zokhudzana ndi malungo. Maukonde a udzudzu opangidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa malungo ndi 48–50%. Ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, maukonde awa akhoza kuletsa 7% ya imfa za ana osakwana zaka zisanu padziko lonse lapansi24 ndipo amagwirizana ndi kuchepetsa kwakukulu chiopsezo cha kubadwa ndi kulemera kochepa komanso kutaya mwana wosabadwayo25.
Sizikudziwika bwino kuti anthu akudziwa bwanji za kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali komanso momwe amagulira. Ndemanga ndi mphekesera zokhudza kusapachika maukonde konse, kuwapachika molakwika komanso pamalo olakwika, komanso kusaika patsogolo ana ndi amayi apakati ziyenera kufufuzidwa mosamala. Vuto lina ndilakuti anthu ambiri amaona kuti maukonde ophera tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali ndi ofunika kwambiri popewa malungo. 23 Kuchuluka kwa malungo kuli kwakukulu m'madera otsika a West Arsi County, ndipo deta yokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali m'nyumba ndi m'madera ndi yochepa. Chifukwa chake, cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kuwunika kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali komanso zinthu zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi izi pakati pa mabanja ku West Arsi County, Oromia Region, kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Ethiopia.
Kafukufuku wokhudza anthu ammudzi unachitika kuyambira pa 1 mpaka 30 Meyi 2023 ku West Arsi County. West Arsi County ili m'chigawo cha Oromia kum'mwera kwa Ethiopia, makilomita 250 kuchokera ku Addis Ababa. Chiwerengero cha anthu m'chigawochi ndi 2,926,749, ndipo pali amuna 1,434,107 ndi akazi 1,492,642. Ku West Arsi County, anthu okwana 963,102 m'maboma asanu ndi limodzi ndi tawuni imodzi amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha malungo; komabe, madera asanu ndi anayi alibe malungo. West Arsi County ili ndi midzi 352, yomwe 136 ili ndi malungo. Pa malo azaumoyo 356, 143 ndi malo oletsa malungo ndipo pali malo azaumoyo 85, 32 mwa iwo ali m'madera omwe ali ndi malungo. Zipatala zitatu mwa zisanu zimachiritsa odwala malungo. Derali lili ndi mitsinje ndi malo othirira oyenera kubereketsa udzudzu. Mu 2021, mankhwala ophera tizilombo okwana 312,224 adagawidwa m'derali kuti athandize pamavuto, ndipo gulu lachiwiri la mankhwala ophera tizilombo okwana 150,949 adagawidwa mu 2022-26.
Anthu omwe anachokera kumeneko ankaonedwa kuti ndi mabanja onse m'chigawo cha West Alsi ndi omwe amakhala m'chigawochi panthawi ya kafukufukuyu.
Anthu omwe adafufuza adasankhidwa mwachisawawa kuchokera m'mabanja onse oyenerera m'chigawo cha West Alsi, komanso omwe amakhala m'madera omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha malungo panthawi ya kafukufukuyu.
Mabanja onse omwe ali m'midzi yosankhidwa ya West Alsi County ndipo akhala m'dera lophunzirira kwa miyezi yoposa isanu ndi umodzi adaphatikizidwa mu kafukufukuyu.
Mabanja omwe sanalandire mankhwala oletsa ululu panthawi yogawa ndi omwe sanathe kuyankha chifukwa cha mavuto a kumva ndi kulankhula sanalowe mu kafukufukuyu.
Kukula kwa zitsanzo za cholinga chachiwiri cha zinthu zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito LLIN kunawerengedwa kutengera njira yowerengera kuchuluka kwa anthu pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Epi info version 7 statistical computing. Poganiza kuti 95% CI, 80% mphamvu ndi chiŵerengero cha zotsatira za 61.1% mu gulu losadziwika, lingaliroli linatengedwa kuchokera ku kafukufuku wochitidwa pakati pa India13 pogwiritsa ntchito mitu ya mabanja osaphunzira ngati chiŵerengero cha zinthu, ndi OR ya 1.25. Pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro omwe ali pamwambapa ndikuyerekeza zosintha ndi ziwerengero zazikulu, chiŵerengero cha "mutu wa banja wopanda maphunziro" chinaganiziridwa kuti chidziwitse kukula kwa zitsanzo zomaliza, chifukwa chinapereka kukula kwakukulu kwa zitsanzo za anthu 2808.
Kukula kwa zitsanzo kunagawidwa molingana ndi chiwerengero cha mabanja m'mudzi uliwonse ndipo mabanja 2808 anasankhidwa kuchokera m'midzi yonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta yopezera zitsanzo mwachisawawa. Chiwerengero chonse cha mabanja m'mudzi uliwonse chinapezeka kuchokera ku Village Health Information System (CHIS). Banja loyamba linasankhidwa ndi lottery. Ngati nyumba ya wophunzirayo inatsekedwa panthawi yosonkhanitsa deta, mafunso otsatirawa anachitidwa kawiri ndipo izi zinkaonedwa ngati zosayankhidwa.
Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe anthu amasankha okha ndi monga zaka, ukwati, chipembedzo, maphunziro, ntchito, kukula kwa banja, komwe amakhala, fuko ndi ndalama zomwe amapeza pamwezi), kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mabanja anafunsidwa mafunso khumi ndi atatu okhudza chidziwitso chokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali. Yankho lolondola linapatsidwa mfundo imodzi, ndipo yankho lolakwika linapatsidwa mfundo 0. Pambuyo pofotokoza mwachidule zigoli za aliyense, zigoli zapakati zinawerengedwa, ndipo ophunzira omwe ali ndi zigoli zoposa avareji anaonedwa kuti ali ndi "chidziwitso chabwino" ndipo ophunzira omwe ali ndi zigoli zochepa kuposa avareji anaonedwa kuti ali ndi chidziwitso "chosauka" chokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Deta inasonkhanitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso okonzedwa bwino omwe anaperekedwa maso ndi maso ndi wofunsa mafunso ndipo anasinthidwa kuchokera m'mabuku osiyanasiyana2,3,7,19. Kafukufukuyu anaphatikizapo makhalidwe a chikhalidwe cha anthu, makhalidwe a chilengedwe ndi chidziwitso cha ophunzira pakugwiritsa ntchito ISIS. Deta inasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kwa anthu 28 omwe ali m'dera lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi malungo, kunja kwa madera awo osonkhanitsira deta ndipo imayang'aniridwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi akatswiri 7 a malungo ochokera kuzipatala.
Mafunsowo anakonzedwa mu Chingerezi ndipo anamasuliridwa m'chinenero cha komweko (Afan Oromo) kenako anamasuliridwanso mu Chingerezi kuti aone ngati ali ofanana. Mafunsowo anayesedwa kale pa 5% ya chitsanzo (135) kunja kwa chipatala chophunzirira. Pambuyo poyesedwa kale, mafunsowo anasinthidwa kuti amveke bwino komanso kuti mawuwo akhale osavuta. Kuyeretsa deta, kukwanira, kufufuza kwa malo ndi logic kunachitika nthawi zonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti deta ndi yabwino musanalowetse deta. Pambuyo pokambirana ndi woyang'anira, deta yonse yosakwanira komanso yosagwirizana inachotsedwa mu detayo. Osonkhanitsa deta ndi oyang'anira adalandira maphunziro a tsiku limodzi okhudza momwe angasonkhanitsire komanso zomwe ayenera kusonkhanitsa. Wofufuzayo anayang'anira osonkhanitsa deta ndi oyang'anira kuti atsimikizire kuti deta ndi yabwino panthawi yosonkhanitsa deta.
Detayo inayang'aniridwa kuti ione ngati ndi yolondola komanso yogwirizana, kenako inalembedwa m'makhodi ndikuyikidwa mu mtundu wa Epi-info 7, kenako inayeretsedwa ndikusanthulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa SPSS 25. Ziwerengero zofotokozera monga ma frequency, ma proportions, ndi ma graph zinagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka zotsatira. Kusanthula kwa bivariate binary logistic regression kunawerengedwa, ndipo ma covariate okhala ndi ma p values osakwana 0.25 mu mtundu wa bivariate adasankhidwa kuti aphatikizidwe mu mtundu wa multivariate. Mtundu womaliza unatanthauziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma adjusted odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, ndi ma p values < 0.05 kuti adziwe mgwirizano pakati pa zotsatira ndi ma variable odziyimira pawokha. Multicollinearity idayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito standard error (SE), yomwe inali yochepera 2 mu kafukufukuyu. Mayeso a Hosmer ndi Lemeshow goodness-of-fit adagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa model fit, ndipo mtengo wa p wa mayeso a Hosmer ndi Lemeshow mu kafukufukuyu unali 0.746.
Asanachite kafukufukuyu, analandira chilolezo cha makhalidwe abwino kuchokera ku West Elsea County Board of Health Ethics Committee motsatira Chilengezo cha Helsinki. Pambuyo pofotokoza cholinga cha kafukufukuyu, makalata ovomerezeka ovomerezeka anatengedwa kuchokera ku mabungwe osankhidwa azaumoyo m'boma ndi m'mizinda. Ophunzirawo anadziwitsidwa za cholinga cha kafukufukuyu, chinsinsi, ndi chinsinsi. Chilolezo chodziwitsidwa ndi mawu chinapezeka kuchokera kwa ophunzirawo asanayambe kusonkhanitsa deta. Mayina a omwe anafunsidwa sanalembedwe, koma aliyense amene anafunsidwayo anapatsidwa khodi yosungira chinsinsi.
Pakati pa omwe adafunsidwa, ambiri (2738, 98.8%) adamva za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhalitsa. Ponena za komwe adapeza chidziwitso chokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhalitsa, ambiri mwa omwe adafunsidwa 2202 (71.1%) adalandira chidziwitsocho kuchokera kwa omwe adawasamalira. Pafupifupi onse omwe adafunsidwa 2735 (99.9%) adadziwa kuti mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhazikika amatha kukonzedwa. Pafupifupi onse omwe adafunsidwa 2614 (95.5%) adadziwa za mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhazikika chifukwa amatha kupewa malungo. Ambiri mwa mabanja 2529 (91.5%) anali ndi chidziwitso chabwino chokhudza mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhazikika. Chiwerengero chapakati cha chidziwitso cha mabanja chokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhazikika chinali 7.77 ndi kusiyana kwa ± 0.91 (Table 2).
Mu kusanthula kwa zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukonde wa udzudzu kwa nthawi yayitali, zinthu monga jenda la woyankha, komwe amakhala, kukula kwa banja, momwe amaphunzirira, momwe amakhalira pabanja, momwe amagwirira ntchito woyankha, kuchuluka kwa zipinda zosiyana mnyumbamo, kudziwa za ukonde wa udzudzu wokhalitsa, komwe amagula ukonde wa udzudzu wokhalitsa, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ukonde wa udzudzu kwa nthawi yayitali, ndi kuchuluka kwa ukonde wa udzudzu m'nyumbamo zinagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukonde wa udzudzu kwa nthawi yayitali. Pambuyo posintha zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza, zinthu zonse zomwe zili ndi p-value <0.25 mu kusanthula kwa bivariate zinaphatikizidwa mu kusanthula kwa multivariate logistic regression.
Cholinga cha kafukufukuyu chinali kuwunika momwe maukonde ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi izi m'mabanja aku West Arsi County, Ethiopia. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti zinthu zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo nthawi yayitali zimaphatikizapo akazi ndi amuna, chiwerengero cha zipinda zosiyana m'nyumba, nthawi yomwe imafunika kuti maukonde ophera tizilombo agwire ntchito nthawi yayitali, komanso kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha omwe adayankha, zomwe zinali zogwirizana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo nthawi yayitali.
Kusiyana kumeneku kungakhale chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kukula kwa zitsanzo, chiwerengero cha anthu ofufuza, malo ophunzirira m'madera osiyanasiyana, komanso momwe anthu alili pa zachuma. Pakadali pano, ku Ethiopia, Unduna wa Zaumoyo ukugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zochepetsera vuto la malungo mwa kuphatikiza njira zopewera malungo m'mapulogalamu azaumoyo, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa matenda ndi imfa zokhudzana ndi malungo.
Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zasonyeza kuti akazi omwe ndi atsogoleri a mabanja anali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali poyerekeza ndi amuna. Kupeza kumeneku kukugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wochitidwa ku Ilugalan County5, Raya Alamata Region33 ndi Arbaminchi Town34, Ethiopia, omwe adawonetsa kuti akazi anali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa amuna. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha anthu aku Ethiopia chomwe chimaona akazi kukhala ofunika kuposa amuna, ndipo akazi akakhala atsogoleri a mabanja, amuna amakhala ndi nkhawa yochepa yoti asankhe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali okha. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufukuyu adachitika kumidzi, komwe miyambo ndi machitidwe ammudzi amatha kulemekeza kwambiri amayi apakati ndikuwapatsa mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali kuti apewe matenda a malungo.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha zipinda zosiyana m'nyumba za ophunzira chinali chogwirizana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde olimba a udzudzu. Kafukufukuyu adatsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku m'maboma a East Belessa7, Garan5, Adama21 ndi Bahir Dar20. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti mabanja omwe ali ndi zipinda zochepa zosiyana m'nyumba amakhala ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito maukonde olimba a udzudzu, pomwe mabanja omwe ali ndi zipinda zambiri zosiyana m'nyumba ndi achibale ambiri amakhala ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito maukonde olimba a udzudzu, zomwe zingayambitse kusowa kwa maukonde m'zipinda zonse zosiyana.
Nthawi yosinthira maukonde ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali inali yogwirizana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali m'nyumba. Anthu omwe adasintha maukonde ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali mpaka zaka zitatu zapitazo anali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa omwe adasinthidwa zaka zosakwana zitatu zapitazo. Izi zikugwirizana ndi kafukufuku wochitidwa ku Arbaminchi town, Ethiopia34 ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Ethiopia20. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa mabanja omwe ali ndi mwayi wogula maukonde atsopano ophera udzudzu kuti alowe m'malo mwa akale ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera udzudzu omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali pakati pa mamembala a m'banjamo, omwe angamve kukhutira komanso kukhala ndi chidwi chogwiritsa ntchito maukonde atsopano ophera udzudzu popewa malungo.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti mabanja omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali anali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali kuwirikiza kanayi poyerekeza ndi mabanja omwe alibe chidziwitso chokwanira. Izi zikugwirizananso ndi kafukufuku wochitidwa ku Hawassa ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Ethiopia18,22. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti pamene chidziwitso cha mabanja ndi chidziwitso chokhudza njira zopewera kufalikira kwa matendawa, zoopsa, kuopsa kwake, komanso njira zopewera matenda payekhapayekha chikuwonjezeka, mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito njira zopewera umawonjezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, chidziwitso chabwino komanso malingaliro abwino a njira zopewera malungo zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, njira zosinthira khalidwe cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa kutsatira mapulogalamu opewera malungo pakati pa mamembala a m'banja mwa kuika patsogolo zinthu zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro a anthu onse.
Kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka magawo osiyanasiyana ndipo ubale wa zomwe zimayambitsa sunawonetsedwe. Kukumbukira kungachitike chifukwa cha tsankho. Kuwona maukonde ogona kumatsimikizira kuti malipoti a zotsatira zina za kafukufukuyu (monga kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ogona usiku watha, kuchuluka kwa kutsuka maukonde ogona, ndi ndalama zapakati) zimachokera ku malipoti a anthu omwe adadzilemba okha, omwe amakhudzidwa ndi tsankho.
Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo nthawi yayitali m'mabanja kunali kotsika poyerekeza ndi muyezo wa dziko la Ethiopia (≥ 85). Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa maukonde ophera tizilombo nthawi yayitali kunakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ngati mutu wa banja anali mkazi, kuchuluka kwa zipinda zodziyimira pawokha zomwe zinali mnyumbamo, nthawi yomwe zinatenga kuti ukonde wophera tizilombo ulowe m'malo, komanso kudziwa bwino momwe anthu omwe adayankha analiri. Chifukwa chake, West Arsi County Health Authority ndi omwe akukhudzidwa ayenera kugwira ntchito kuti awonjezere kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo nthawi yayitali pabanja kudzera mu kufalitsa uthenga ndi maphunziro oyenera, komanso kudzera mu kulumikizana kosalekeza kusintha khalidwe kuti awonjezere kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo nthawi yayitali. Limbikitsani maphunziro a odzipereka, mabungwe ammudzi, ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino maukonde ophera tizilombo nthawi yayitali pabanja.
Deta yonse yomwe yapezedwa ndi/kapena kufufuzidwa panthawi ya kafukufukuyu ikupezeka kwa wolemba woyenerera ngati pakufunika kutero.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-07-2025