Kugwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba maukonde ophera udzudzu ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa nazo ku Pawi County, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Ethiopia.

Chiyambi:Mankhwala ophera tizilombo-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotchinga chakuthupi popewa matenda a malungo. Njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yochepetsera vuto la malungo ku sub-Saharan Africa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma ITNs. Komabe, pali kusowa kwa chidziwitso chokwanira pakugwiritsa ntchito ma ITN ndi zinthu zomwe zikugwirizana nazo ku Ethiopia.
Ukonde wokhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo ndi njira yotsika mtengo yochepetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda popewa malungo ndipo iyenera kuperekedwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo komanso kusamalidwa nthawi zonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde okhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'madera omwe anthu ambiri akudwala malungo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera kufala kwa malungo1. Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organisation mchaka cha 2020, pafupifupi theka la anthu padziko lapansi ali pachiwopsezo chodwala malungo, pomwe milandu ndi imfa zambiri zimachitika kum'mwera kwa Sahara ku Africa, kuphatikiza ku Ethiopia. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa milandu ndi kufa kwanenedwanso m'zigawo za WHO South-East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific ndi Americas1,2.
Zida: Deta inasonkhanitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso omwe amayendetsedwa ndi ofunsa mafunso komanso mndandanda wazowunikira, zomwe zidapangidwa kutengera maphunziro omwe adasindikizidwa ndi zosintha zina31. Mafunso a kafukufukuyu anali ndi magawo asanu: makhalidwe a chikhalidwe cha anthu, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi chidziwitso cha ITN, chikhalidwe cha banja ndi kukula kwa banja, ndi zochitika zaumwini/makhalidwe, zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zitole zambiri zokhudza ophunzirawo. Chowunikirachi chinali ndi kuthekera kozungulira zomwe zawonedwa. Linamangidwira pafupi ndi mafunso a banja lirilonse kotero kuti ogwira ntchito m’munda aone zimene aona popanda kudodometsa kufunsa. Monga ndondomeko yamakhalidwe abwino, omwe adachita nawo phunziroli adaphatikizapo maphunziro aumunthu ndi maphunziro okhudzana ndi anthu ayenera kukhala mogwirizana ndi Declaration of Helsinki. Chifukwa chake, komiti yoyang'anira za Faculty of Medicine ndi Health Science, Bahir Dar University idavomereza njira zonse kuphatikiza tsatanetsatane wofunikira, zomwe zidachitika motsatira malangizo ndi malamulo oyenera, ndipo chilolezo chodziwitsidwa chidapezedwa kwa onse omwe adatenga nawo gawo.
M'madera ena, pangakhale kusamvana kapena kukana kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu asatengeke kwambiri. Madera ena amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zapadera monga mikangano, kusamuka kwawo, kapena umphawi wadzaoneni womwe ungathe kuchepetsa kwambiri kugawa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizilombo, monga chigawo cha Benishangul Gumuz Metekel.
Kusiyana kumeneku kungakhale chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo nthawi yapakati pa maphunziro (avareji ya zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi), kusiyana kwa chidziwitso ndi maphunziro okhudzana ndi kupewa malungo, ndi kusiyana kwa madera pazochitika zotsatsira. Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde ophera tizirombo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokulirapo m'malo omwe ali ndi njira zophunzitsira zogwira mtima komanso maziko azaumoyo. Kuphatikiza apo, zikhalidwe ndi zikhulupiriro zakumaloko zitha kukhudzanso kuvomereza kwa anthu kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde. Popeza kuti kafukufukuyu anachitidwa m’madera omwe muli malungo omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso kugawa maukonde ophera tizilombo, kupezeka ndi kupezeka kwa maukonde kungakhale kwakukulu m’derali poyerekeza ndi madera omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa.
Kugwirizana pakati pa zaka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ITN kungakhale chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo: achinyamata amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito ITN nthawi zambiri chifukwa amamva kuti ali ndi udindo wosamalira thanzi la ana awo. Kuphatikiza apo, makampeni aposachedwa olimbikitsa thanzi alunjika bwino achichepere ndikukulitsa kuzindikira kwawo za kupewa malungo. Zisonkhezero za anthu, kuphatikizapo zochita za anzawo ndi anthu ammudzi, zithanso kutengapo mbali, popeza achinyamata amakonda kumvera malangizo atsopano a zaumoyo.
Kuphatikiza apo, amakonda kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza zinthu zabwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano komanso matekinoloje atsopano, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala omvera kupitilirabe kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde okhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.