Zolengedwa kuchokera ku zimbalangondo zakuda kupita ku cuckoos zimapereka njira zachilengedwe komanso zachilengedwe zothanirana ndi tizilombo tosafunika.
Kale pasanakhale mankhwala ndi opopera, citronella makandulo ndi DEET, chilengedwe anapereka adani onse a anthu zolengedwa zosasangalatsa kwambiri.Mileme imadya ntchentche zoluma, achule pa udzudzu, ndi kumeza mavu.
M'malo mwake, achule ndi achule amatha kudya udzudzu wambiri kotero kuti kafukufuku wa 2022 adapeza kuchuluka kwa malungo a anthu kumadera aku Central America chifukwa cha miliri ya matenda a amphibian.Kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti mileme ina imatha kudya udzudzu chikwi chimodzi pa ola limodzi.(Dziwani chifukwa chake mileme ndi ngwazi zenizeni za chilengedwe.)
"Zamoyo zambiri zimayendetsedwa bwino ndi adani achilengedwe," adatero Douglas Tallamy, TA Baker Pulofesa wa Agriculture ku yunivesite ya Delaware.
Ngakhale kuti mitundu yotchuka imeneyi yolimbana ndi tizilombo imatengeka maganizo kwambiri, nyama zina zambiri zimathera usana ndi usiku kufunafuna ndi kudya tizilombo ta m’chilimwe, nthaŵi zina zikumakulitsa luso lapadera la kudya nyama zimene zidya nyamazo.Nazi zina mwa zoseketsa.
Winnie the Pooh mwina amakonda uchi, koma chimbalangondo chenicheni chikakumba mng'oma, sichimayang'ana shuga wotsekemera, koma mphutsi zofewa zoyera.
Ngakhale kuti zimbalangondo zakuda za ku America zimadya pafupifupi chilichonse, kuyambira m'minda ya mpendadzuwa ndi mpendadzuwa, nthawi zina zimakonda kwambiri tizilombo, kuphatikizapo mavu omwe amawombera ngati ma jekete achikasu.
“Akusaka mphutsi,” anatero David Garshelis, tcheyamani wa gulu la akatswiri a zimbalangondo la International Union for Conservation of Nature.“Ndawaona akukumba zisa kenako n’kulumidwa, mofanana ndi ife,” kenako n’kupitiriza kudya.(Dziwani momwe zimbalangondo zakuda zikubwerera ku North America.)
M’madera ena a kumpoto kwa America, pamene zimbalangondo zakuda zimadikirira kuti zipatsozo zipse, mbalamezi zimalemerabe ndipo zimapezanso mafuta ambiri mwa kudya nyerere zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri monga nyerere zachikasu.
Udzudzu wina, monga Toxorhynchites rutilus septentrionalis, wopezeka kum’mwera chakum’maŵa kwa United States, umakhala moyo mwa kudya udzudzu wina.T. septentrionalis mphutsi zimakhala m’madzi oima, monga m’mabowo amitengo, ndipo zimadya mphutsi zina zing’onozing’ono za udzudzu, kuphatikizapo mitundu imene imafalitsa matenda a anthu.Mu labotale, mphutsi imodzi ya udzudzu wa T. septentrionalis imatha kupha mphutsi zina 20 mpaka 50 za udzudzu patsiku.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, malinga ndi pepala la 2022, mphutsizi ndi zakupha zomwe zimapha anthu awo koma osawadya.
"Ngati kupha munthu mokakamiza kumachitika mwachibadwa, kungapangitse mphamvu ya Toxoplasma gondii poletsa udzudzu woyamwa magazi," olembawo analemba.
Kwa mbalame zambiri, palibe chinthu chokoma kuposa mbozi zikwizikwi, pokhapokha ngati mbozizo zili ndi ubweya woluma umene umakwiyitsa mkati mwanu.Koma osati North America yellow-billed cuckoo.
Mbalame yaikulu imeneyi yokhala ndi milomo yachikasu yonyezimira imatha kumeza mbozi, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi imachotsa minyewa ya kummero ndi m’mimba (kupanga matumbo ofanana ndi zitosi za kadzidzi) kenako n’kuyambiranso.(Onani mbozi ikusanduka gulugufe.)
Ngakhale kuti mitundu monga mbozi zam'mahema ndi mbozi za m'dzinja zimachokera ku North America, chiwerengero chawo chimawonjezeka nthawi ndi nthawi, kupanga phwando losayerekezeka la cuckoo ya yellow-billed, ndipo kafukufuku wina amasonyeza kuti akhoza kudya mpaka mazana a mbozi panthawi imodzi.
Mtundu uliwonse wa mbozi suvutitsa zomera kapena anthu, koma umapatsa mbalame chakudya chamtengo wapatali, chomwe chimadya tizilombo tina.
Ngati muwona nsomba yofiira yofiira ya kum’maŵa ikuyenda m’kanjira kum’mawa kwa United States, nong’onani “zikomo.”
salamanders amenewa yaitali, ambiri amene moyo kwa zaka 12-15, kudya udzudzu kunyamula matenda pa magawo onse a moyo wawo, kuchokera mphutsi kuti mphutsi ndi akuluakulu.
JJ Apodaca, mkulu wamkulu wa Amphibian and Reptile Conservancy, sakanakhoza kunena ndendende kuchuluka kwa mphutsi za udzudzu zomwe salamander wakum'mawa amadya patsiku, koma zolengedwazo zimakhala ndi chikhumbo chambiri ndipo ndizochuluka kuti "zikhudze" kuchuluka kwa udzudzu. .
Mbalame ya m’chilimwe ingakhale yokongola ndi thupi lake lofiira kwambiri, koma zimenezi sizingasangalatse mavu, amene tanager amawuluka mumlengalenga, n’kubwerera kumtengo n’kukamenya nthambi mpaka kufa.
Mbalame za m’chilimwe zimakhala kum’mwera kwa United States ndipo chaka chilichonse zimasamukira ku South America, kumene makamaka zimadya tizilombo.Koma mosiyana ndi mbalame zina zambiri, nkhunda za m’chilimwe zimakonda kusaka njuchi ndi mavu.
Pofuna kupewa kulumidwa, amagwira mavu ngati mavu kuchokera mumlengalenga ndipo, akaphedwa, amapukuta mbola panthambi zamitengo asanadye, malinga ndi Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
Tallamy ananena kuti pamene kuli kwakuti njira zachibadwidwe zowononga tizilombo nzosiyanasiyana, “njira yaukali ya anthu ikuwononga kusiyanasiyana kumeneko.”
Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira za anthu monga kuwonongeka kwa malo, kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kuipitsa kungawononge nyama zolusa monga mbalame ndi zamoyo zina.
Tallamy anati: “Sitingakhale padzikoli popha tizilombo.“Ndi zinthu zazing’ono zomwe zimalamulira dziko.Chifukwa chake titha kuyang'ana kwambiri momwe tingalamulire zinthu zomwe sizabwinobwino. ”
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Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-24-2024