Hainan, monga chigawo choyambirira kwambiri ku China kuti atsegule msika wazinthu zaulimi, chigawo choyamba kukhazikitsa njira yogulitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo, chigawo choyamba kukhazikitsa zolemba ndi kulembera mankhwala ophera tizilombo, njira yatsopano yosinthira malamulo opha tizilombo, yakhala nthawi zonse. Zakhala chidwi kwambiri pamakampani opanga zida zaulimi, makamaka masanjidwe akulu amakampani ogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan.
Pa Marichi 25, 2024, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za Regulations on Fair Competition of Hainan Free Trade Port ndi Provisions on the Management of Pesticides in Hainan Special Economic Zone, yomwe idayamba kugwira ntchito pa Okutobala 1, 2023, People's Boma la Chigawo cha Hainan lidaganiza zothetsa Njira Zoyendetsera Ntchito Yogulitsa Mankhwala Ophera tizilombo ku Hainan Special Economic Zone.
Izi zikutanthawuzanso kuti kasamalidwe ka mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan apita patsogolo kwambiri, msika udzamasulidwa, ndipo anthu 8 okha (October 1, 2023 isanafike, pali mabizinesi 8 ogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, 1,638 ogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi 298 oletsedwa. mabizinesi ophera tizilombo m'chigawo cha Hainan) aphwanyidwa mwalamulo.Zasinthidwa kukhala njira yatsopano yolamulira, kukhala voliyumu yatsopano: ma voliyumu, mitengo yamtengo wapatali, mautumiki a voliyumu.
2023 "malamulo atsopano" akhazikitsidwa
Asanathe kuthetsedwa kwa Njira za Ulamuliro wa Wholesale and Retail Operation of Pesticides ku Hainan Special Economic Zone, Zopereka Zokhudza Ulamuliro wa Mankhwala Ophera tizilombo ku Hainan Special Economic Zone (zomwe zimadziwika kuti "Zopereka") zakhazikitsidwa. pa Okutobala 1, 2023.
"Palibenso kusiyanitsa pakati pa ntchito zogulitsa mankhwala ndi zogulitsa, kuchepetsa mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndipo molingana ndizomwe sizikutsimikiziranso mabizinesi ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo potsatsa, kuchepetsa mtengo wa kasamalidwe ka mankhwala, ndikukhazikitsa njira yoyendetsera mogwirizana ndi chiphaso cha National Pesticides…”
Izi zabweretsa uthenga wabwino kwa anthu onse a zaulimi, motero chikalatacho chadziwika ndi kuyamikiridwa ndi ambiri ogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Chifukwa izi zikutanthauza kuti msika wopitilira ma yuan 2 biliyoni pamsika wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan umasulidwa, udzabweretsa kusintha kwatsopano ndi mwayi.
"Zomwe zingapo" kuchokera ku 2017 version ya 60 streamlined to 26, atenge mawonekedwe a "small incision, short fast spirit" malamulo, amatsatira zovuta, kupanga, kuyendetsa, kusunga, kusamalira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo mu njira yamavuto odziwika bwino, zosintha zomwe zikufunika.
Pakati pawo, chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri ndikuletsa njira yogulitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Chifukwa chake, zomwe zili mkati ndi zazikulu kwambiri za "malamulo atsopano" omwe akhazikitsidwa kwa pafupifupi theka la chaka, tidzakonza ndikuwunikanso, kuti opanga ndi opanga mankhwala am'deralo ku msika wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan akhale omveka bwino. kumvetsetsa ndi kuzindikira malamulo atsopano, kuwongolera bwino ndikusintha masanjidwe awo ndi njira zamabizinesi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wina watsopano pakusintha kwanthawi.
Njira yogulitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo inathetsedwa mwalamulo
"Zomwe Zingapo" zimayimira malamulo ampikisano wachilungamo pamadoko amalonda aulere, kusintha njira yoyendetsera mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuwongolera machitidwe osavomerezeka abizinesi kuchokera kugwero, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti osewera pamsika wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo akutenga nawo mbali mwachilungamo.
Choyamba ndikuletsa njira yogulitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo, osasiyanitsanso ntchito zogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso kuchepetsa mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Chifukwa chake, mabizinesi ogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso ogulitsa mankhwala sadziŵikanso pogula, kuti achepetse ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Chachiwiri ndikukhazikitsa kasamalidwe kachitidwe kamene kamagwirizana ndi chilolezo cha bizinesi ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndipo odziwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo atha kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji m'madipatimenti odziwa zaulimi ndi akumidzi a maboma a anthu a mizinda, zigawo ndi madera odziyimira pawokha komwe ntchito zawo zili. zilolezo zamabizinesi ophera tizilombo.
M’chenicheni, kuchiyambi kwa 1997, Chigawo cha Hainan chinali choyamba m’dzikolo kukhazikitsa chilolezo cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi kutsegula msika wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndipo mu 2005, “Malamulo Angapo Okhudza Kasamalidwe ka Mankhwala Ophera Tizilombo M’dera Lachuma Lapadera la Hainan” anali. inatulutsidwa, yomwe inakonza kusintha kumeneku mwa malamulo.
Mu Julayi 2010, bungwe la Hainan Provincial People's Congress lidalengeza za "Malamulo Angapo Okhudza Kasamalidwe ka Mankhwala Ophera tizilombo ku Hainan Special Economic Zone", kukhazikitsa njira yogulitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'chigawo cha Hainan.Mu Epulo 2011, boma la chigawo cha Hainan lidapereka "Measures for the Administration of Pesticide Wholesale and Retail Business Licensing m'chigawo cha Hainan", lomwe likunena kuti pofika chaka cha 2013, m'chigawo cha Hainan m'chigawo cha Hainan padzakhala mabizinesi a 2-3 okha. likulu analembetsa oposa 100 miliyoni yuan;Chigawochi chili ndi malo ogawa mizinda 18 ndi zigawo;Pali pafupifupi 205 mabizinesi ritelo, mfundo 1 m'tauni iliyonse, ndi likulu analembetsa osachepera 1 miliyoni yuan, ndi mizinda ndi zigawo akhoza kusintha koyenera malinga ndi mmene chitukuko cha ulimi, masanjidwe a mafamu aboma. ndi mikhalidwe yamagalimoto.Mu 2012, Hainan adapereka zilolezo zogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan, zomwe zikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pakukonzanso kasamalidwe ka mankhwala ku Hainan, ndipo zikutanthauza kuti opanga amatha kugulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan pokhapokha pogwirizana ndi ogulitsa omwe akuitanidwa kuti achite nawo malonda. boma.
"Zomwe Zingapo" zimakwaniritsa njira zoyendetsera mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuletsa njira yogulitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo, osasiyanso kusiyanitsa pakati pa malonda ogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuchepetsa mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso kusazindikiranso njira zamabizinesi ogulitsa mankhwala ndi ogulitsa mankhwala. potsatsa malonda, kuti achepetse mtengo wa kasamalidwe ka mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo loyang'anira ziphaso zamabizinesi ophera tizilombo, ogwira ntchito odziwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo atha kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji boma la anthu amzinda, chigawo, boma lodziyimira pawokha lomwe limayang'anira zaulimi ndi maulamuliro akumidzi kuti apeze chilolezo chabizinesi yophera tizilombo.
Ogwira ntchito ku ofesi yofunikira ya dipatimenti ya zaulimi ndi zaulimi ku Hainan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs adati: Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndondomeko ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan idzakhala yogwirizana ndi dziko, palibenso kusiyana pakati pa ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa, ndipo palibe. kufunika kulemba;Kuthetsedwa kwa njira yogulitsira malonda a mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumatanthauza kuti mankhwala ophera tizilombo amakhala omasuka kulowa pachilumbachi, malinga ngati zinthuzo zikugwirizana ndi ndondomekoyi, palibe chifukwa cholembera ndi kuvomereza chilumbachi.
Pa Marichi 25, Boma la People's Province la Hainan lidaganiza zothetsa "Hainan Special Economic Zone Pesticide wholesale and retail business licensing Management Measures" (Qiongfu [2017] No. 25), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti m'tsogolomu, mabizinesi akumtunda angagwirizane. ndi mabizinesi pachilumbachi molingana ndi malamulo, ndipo opanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ogwira ntchito adzakhala ndi mwayi wosankha.
Malinga ndi magwero amakampani, pambuyo poti kuthetsedwa kwadongosolo lachilolezo chogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, pakhala mabizinesi ochulukirapo omwe amalowa ku Hainan, mitengo yofananira idzachepetsedwa, ndipo zosankha zambiri zikhala zabwino kwa olima zipatso ndi masamba a Hainan.
Ma biopesticides akulonjeza
Ndime 4 ya Malamulowa ikunena kuti maboma a anthu kumtunda kapena kumtunda kwa maboma, molingana ndi zofunikira, apereke chilimbikitso ndi thandizo kwa iwo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo otetezeka, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito umisiri wachilengedwe, thupi ndi zina kuti ateteze ndi kuletsa matenda ndi tizirombo.Limbikitsani opanga ndi ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mabungwe ofufuza zaulimi, makoleji akadaulo ndi mayunivesite, mabungwe apadera othana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, mabungwe azaulimi ndiukadaulo ndi mabungwe ena okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu kuti apereke maphunziro aukadaulo, chitsogozo ndi ntchito kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti biopesticides ikulonjeza pamsika wa Hainan.
Pakali pano, mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu mbewu zandalama zoimiridwa ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndipo Hainan ndi chigawo chachikulu chomwe chili ndi zokolola zambiri za zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ku China.
Malinga ndi Statistics Bulletin of Hainan Province la National Economic and Social Development mu 2023, kuyambira 2022, malo okolola masamba (kuphatikizapo mavwende a masamba) m'chigawo cha Hainan adzakhala 4.017 miliyoni mu, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala matani 6.0543 miliyoni;Malo okolola zipatso anali 3.2630 miliyoni mu, ndipo zotsatira zake zinali matani 5.6347 miliyoni.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuvulala kwa nsikidzi zosamva, monga ma thrips, nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi whitefly, zakhala zikuchulukirachulukira chaka ndi chaka, ndipo kuwongolera ndizovuta.Potengera kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso kukulitsa luso komanso chitukuko chaulimi wobiriwira, Hainan yakhala ikugwiritsa ntchito lingaliro la "kupewa ndi kuwongolera zobiriwira".Kupyolera mu kuphatikiza kwa biopesticides ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo amphamvu kwambiri komanso otsika kawopsedwe, Hainan yaphatikiza njira zopewera ndi kuwongolera matenda amthupi ndi ukadaulo wowongolera tizirombo, ukadaulo woteteza chitetezo ku zomera, ukadaulo wowongolera mankhwala a biopesticide komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kuwongolera mankhwala ophera tizilombo. luso.Itha kutalikitsa nthawi yopewera ndikuwongolera ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito, kuti tikwaniritse cholinga chochepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikuwongolera mbewu.
Mwachitsanzo, poyang'anira ma thrips olimbana ndi nkhungu, dipatimenti ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan imalimbikitsa kuti alimi agwiritse ntchito ka 1000 madzi a Metaria anisopliae kuphatikiza 5.7% Metaria mchere kuwirikiza 2000 zamadzimadzi, kuphatikiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso kuonjezera ovicide, wamkulu ndi dzira nthawi yomweyo. nthawi, kuti muwonjezere mphamvu yowongolera ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa ntchito.
Titha kulosera kuti ma biopesticides ali ndi mwayi wotsatsa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito msika wa zipatso ndi masamba ku Hainan.
Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsedwa kudzakhala kuyang'aniridwa kwambiri
Chifukwa cha zovuta zachigawo, zoletsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan nthawi zonse zimakhala zokhwima kuposa zomwe zili kumtunda.Pa Marichi 4, 2021, dipatimenti ya zaulimi ndi zaulimi m'chigawo cha Hainan idatulutsa "Mndandanda wazoletsa Kupanga, Kuyendetsa, Kusungirako, Kugulitsa ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Ophera Tizilombo ku Hainan Special Economic Zone" (yosinthidwa mu 2021).Chilengezocho chinatchula mankhwala 73 oletsedwa, ochuluka seveni kuposa mndandanda wa mankhwala oletsedwa opangidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Zakumidzi.Mwa iwo, kugulitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fenvalerate, butyryl hydrazine (bijo), chlorpyrifos, triazophos, flufenamide ndizoletsedwa.
Ndime 3 ya Zoperekazo ikunena kuti kupanga, kuyendetsa, kusunga, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi zinthu zoopsa komanso zoopsa kwambiri ndizoletsedwa ku Hainan Special Economic Zone.Kumene kuli koyenera kupanga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi poyizoni kwambiri kapena poyizoni kwambiri chifukwa cha zosowa zapadera, chivomerezo chidzapezedwa kuchokera ku dipatimenti yoyenerera ya zaulimi ndi nkhani zakumidzi ya boma la anthu akuchigawo;pomwe chivomerezo chidzapezedwa kuchokera ku dipatimenti yoyenerera ya zaulimi ndi Nkhani zakumidzi ya The State Council molingana ndi lamulo, zonena zake zidzatsatiridwa.Dipatimenti yoyenerera ya zaulimi ndi nkhani zakumidzi ya boma la anthu azigawo idzafalitsa kwa anthu ndikusindikiza ndikugawa mndandanda wa mitundu ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso momwe kagwiritsire ntchito kagwiritsidwe ntchito kakuti kupanga, kugwira ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumalimbikitsidwa, kuletsedwa komanso kuletsedwa ndi Boma ndi zapadera zachuma madera, ndi nsanamira pa mankhwala ntchito malo ndi ofesi malo a mudzi (wokhala) anthu Komiti.Ndiko kunena kuti, mu gawo ili la mndandanda woletsedwa wogwiritsidwa ntchito, udakali pansi pa Zone Yapadera ya Hainan.
Palibe ufulu mtheradi, njira yogulitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti ndiyomveka bwino
Kuthetsedwa kwa njira yogulitsira mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumatanthauza kuti kugulitsa ndi kuyang'anira mankhwala pachilumbachi ndi kwaulere, koma ufulu si ufulu wonse.
Ndime 8 ya "Zopereka Zambiri" ikuthandiziranso kukonza kasamalidwe ka mankhwala kuti agwirizane ndi momwe zinthu zilili zatsopano, mawonekedwe atsopano ndi zofunikira zatsopano pankhani yofalitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Choyamba, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ledja yamagetsi, opanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ogwira ntchito ayenera kukhazikitsa ledja yamagetsi kudzera pa nsanja yoyang'anira zidziwitso za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mbiri yokwanira komanso yowona ya kugula ndi kugulitsa mankhwala, kuti awonetsetse kuti gwero ndi kopita kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo atha kupezeka.Chachiwiri ndikukhazikitsa ndi kukonza njira yogulira ndi kugulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kugulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti kuyenera kutsatiridwa ndi zofunikira pakuwongolera mankhwala.Chachitatu ndikuwunikiranso dipatimenti yowunikira zotsatsa za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kutanthauza kuti kutsatsa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuyenera kuwunikiridwa ndi akuluakulu aboma am'matauni, am'chigawo ndi odziyimira pawokha azaulimi ndi akumidzi asanatulutsidwe, ndipo sadzatulutsidwa popanda kuwunikiranso.
E-commerce ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo imatsegula njira yatsopano
Asanatulutsidwe "Zopereka Zina", mankhwala onse ophera tizilombo omwe amalowa ku Hainan sangakhale bizinesi yogulitsa, ndipo e-commerce ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo sitingatchulidwe.
Komabe, Ndime 10 ya “Zomwe Zingachitike” ikunena kuti omwe akuchita bizinesi yopha tizilombo kudzera pa intaneti komanso maukonde ena azidziwitso ayenera kupeza zilolezo zamabizinesi ophera tizilombo motsatira malamulo, ndikupitiliza kulengeza ziphaso zawo zamabizinesi, ziphaso zamabizinesi opha tizilombo ndi zina. chidziwitso chenicheni chokhudzana ndi ntchito zamabizinesi pamalo otchuka patsamba latsamba lawo lawebusayiti kapena tsamba lalikulu lazochita zawo zamabizinesi.Iyenera kusinthidwa munthawi yake.
Izi zikutanthawuzanso kuti e-commerce e-phesticide, yomwe inali yoletsedwa mwamphamvu, yatsegula vutoli ndipo ikhoza kulowa mumsika wa Hainan pambuyo pa October 1, 2023. amene amagula mankhwala ophera tizilombo kudzera pa intaneti ayenera kupereka mfundo zowona komanso zogwira mtima zogulira.Koma zilibe kanthu, chifukwa pakadali pano, mbali zonse ziwiri zamalonda a e-commerce ndikulembetsa kapena kulembetsa mayina enieni.
Opereka zaulimi ayenera kuchita ntchito yabwino pakusintha kwaukadaulo
Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa "Zopereka Zina" pa Okutobala 1, 2023, zikutanthauza kuti msika wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan wakhazikitsa njira yoyang'anira yomwe ikugwirizana ndi chilolezo chabizinesi yamankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndiko kuti, msika wogwirizana.Kuphatikizidwa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa boma kwa "Hainan Special Economic Zone Pesticides and retail business license Management Measures", zikutanthauza kuti pansi pa msika waukulu wogwirizana, mtengo wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan udzatsimikiziridwa kwambiri ndi msika.
Mosakayikira, chotsatira, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa kusintha, kukonzanso kwa msika wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ku Hainan kudzapitirizabe kufulumira ndikugwera mu voliyumu yamkati: ma voliyumu, mitengo yamtengo wapatali, mautumiki a voliyumu.
Ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale adanena kuti "8 aliyense" atasweka, chiwerengero cha ogulitsa mankhwala ndi masitolo ogulitsa ku Hainan chidzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, magwero ogula adzakhala osiyanasiyana, ndipo mtengo wogula udzachepa;Chiwerengero cha mankhwala ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala chidzawonjezekanso kwambiri, ndipo malo osankhidwa kwa ogulitsa ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, ogulitsa, ndi alimi kuti agule mankhwala ophera tizilombo adzawonjezeka, ndipo mtengo wa mankhwala kwa alimi udzachepa moyenerera.Mpikisano wa othandizira ukukulirakulira, kuyang'anizana ndi kuchotsedwa kapena kusinthanso;Njira zogulitsira zaulimi zidzakhala zazifupi, opanga amatha kufika mwachindunji ku terminal/alimi kuposa ogulitsa;Zoonadi, mpikisano wamsika udzatenthedwa kwambiri, nkhondo yamtengo wapatali idzakhala yowonjezereka.Makamaka kwa ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa ku Hainan, mpikisano waukulu uyenera kuchoka kuzinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupita kuzinthu zamakono, kuchoka kugulitsa zinthu m'sitolo mpaka kugulitsa zamakono ndi ntchito m'munda, ndipo ndizochitika zosapeŵeka kusintha kukhala ntchito yaukadaulo. wopereka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-22-2024