Njira zina zowongolera tizilombo monga njira yotetezera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso gawo lofunika lomwe timagwira ntchito m'zachilengedwe komanso machitidwe azakudya

Kafukufuku watsopano wokhudza kugwirizana pakati pa imfa ya njuchi ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo akuchirikiza kuyitanidwa kwa njira zina zowongolera tizilombo. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wowunikidwa ndi anzawo wa ofufuza a USC Dornsife wofalitsidwa mu magazini ya Nature Sustainability, 43%.
Ngakhale pali umboni wosiyanasiyana wokhudza momwe njuchi zodziwika bwino zilili, zomwe zinabweretsedwa ku America ndi atsamunda aku Europe m'zaka za m'ma 1600, kuchepa kwa tizilombo touluka m'chilengedwe n'koonekeratu. Pafupifupi kotala la mitundu ya njuchi zakuthengo "zili pangozi ndipo zili pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha kutha," malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2017 wa bungwe lopanda phindu la Center for Biological Diversity, lomwe linagwirizanitsa kutayika kwa malo okhala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Kusintha ndi kufalikira kwa mizinda zimaonedwa ngati zoopsa zazikulu.
Kuti amvetse bwino momwe mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi njuchi zakuthengo zimagwirira ntchito, ofufuza a USC adafufuza zomwe zapezeka 178,589 pa mitundu 1,081 ya njuchi zakuthengo zochokera m'mabuku osungiramo zinthu zakale, maphunziro azachilengedwe ndi deta ya sayansi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu, komanso malo aboma ndi maphunziro a mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'boma. Pankhani ya njuchi zakuthengo, ofufuza adapeza kuti "zotsatira zoyipa kuchokera ku mankhwala ophera tizilombo zafalikira" ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa neonicotinoids ndi pyrethroids, omwe ndi mankhwala awiri odziwika bwino, "ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha kwa mitundu yambiri ya njuchi zakuthengo."
Kafukufukuyu akusonyeza njira zina zopewera tizilombo ngati njira yotetezera tizilombo toyambitsa mungu komanso udindo wofunika womwe timagwira pa zachilengedwe ndi machitidwe azakudya. Njira zina izi zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito adani achilengedwe kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa tizilombo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito misampha ndi zotchinga musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti mpikisano wa mungu wa njuchi ndi woopsa kwa njuchi zakumaloko, koma kafukufuku watsopano wa USC sanapeze mgwirizano wofunikira, akutero wolemba wamkulu wa kafukufukuyu komanso pulofesa wa sayansi ya zamoyo ndi biology yowerengera ndi yowerengera Laura Laura Melissa Guzman akuvomereza kuti kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika kuti athandizire izi.
"Ngakhale kuti mawerengedwe athu ndi ovuta, zambiri zomwe zili m'malo ndi nthawi yake ndi zoyerekeza," Guzman adavomereza mu lipoti la atolankhani aku yunivesite. "Tikukonzekera kukonza kusanthula kwathu ndikudzaza mipata ngati n'kotheka," ofufuzawo adawonjezera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'njira zambiri n'koopsa kwa anthu. Bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency lapeza kuti mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo, makamaka ma organophosphates ndi ma carbamates, amatha kukhudza mitsempha ya m'thupi, pomwe ena amatha kukhudza dongosolo la endocrine. Pafupifupi mapaundi 1 biliyoni a mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka ku United States, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2017 wa Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Aquatic Science Center. Mu Epulo, Consumer Reports idati yapeza kuti 20% ya zinthu zaku US zili ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo oopsa.